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12 Info. Rep.: Animal Welfare Inst. 1 (1963)

handle is hein.animal/awiqu0012 and id is 1 raw text is: N~O ~MA1ION ANIMAL WELFARE INSTITUTE 22 EAST 17th STREET, NEW YORK 3, N. Y. January-February, 1963 Vol. 12 No. I AN EDUCATION IN CRUELTY On January 9, a bill (H.R. 824) was introduced to ex- tend a Congressional Charter to Science Service, Inc., the corporation which administers the Science Clubs of America and the National Science Fair International. The bill has been referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary. Before any such measure is passed, we hope the Congress will review the policies of Science Service with regard to cruel experiments on animals by school children in Science Fairs. At the last Science Service organized National Science Fair International, which was held at the World's Fair Display Hall in Seattle, 387 high-school aged finalists with winning entries from Science Fairs across America were selected to display their projects. These adolescent com- petitors were offered honors, medals, substantial money prizes and publicity. The Animal Welfare Institute made a statistical analysis of the official catalogue of this Fair, which included biographies of the competitors and out- lines of their projects. It was found that: 14.5% of the total number of projects in the Fair in- volved the use of live vertebrate animals. Furthermore, out of the total number of projects using live vertebrate animals: 21.4% did not seem likely to interfere with the nor- mal health and comfort of the animals used; 41.1% interfered with the normal health and com- fort of the animals used; 37.5% involved procedures likely to cause severe pain or distress to the animals used. The following are descriptions of some of these projects as they appear in the official catalogue: (Experiments likely to interfere with normal health and comfort:) EFFECT OF A Low CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS DIET IN MICE. Low calcium and phosphorus diet in mice causes mice to become stunted in growth, nervous and hard to manage. They had thin skin, drank more water, and had lower respiratory quotient than mice on normal diet. Concluded overall health, physical well-being and social activity affected by lack of calcium and phos- phorus in diet. GUINEA-PIG NERVOUs SYSTEM - EFFECTS OF TRAN- QUILLIZERS. Determines effects of tranquillizers upon guinea pig nervous system, finding that guinea pig takes about ten times more tranquillizers than man and that guinea pigs develop blood and liver conditions which cause heart rate decreases, death by pneumonia. (Experiments likely to cause severe pain or distress:) THE EFFECT OF SPLENECTOMY ON BONE MARROW TRANSFER To IRRADIATED RAT TIBIAS. Shows effect of removal of spleen on bone marrow regeneration. PROTECTION FROM TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION. Pro- te&ion against total body irradiation afforded by ultra- violet light absorbers administered orally to mice and rats. Significant protection was afforded in that controls died while treated animals survived. PITUITARY PHYSIOLOGY As STUDIED BY PARABIOSIS. Parabiosis is method of surgically connecting two ani- mals so there is an exchange between their circulatory systems at a capillary level. This technique was used to study the relationship between the pituitary gonado- tropins and the reproductive organs in the rats. Para- bionts and control animals were autopsied and their reproductive organs weighed. Ovarian and uterine mi- (Continued on page 4) SENATORS CLARK, NEUBERGER, AND YOUNG SPONSOR LABORATORY ANIMALS BILL Senator Joseph S. Clark of Pennsylvania and Senator Maurine Neuberger of Oregon have again taken the lead in seeking humane treatment of experimental animals. On January 25th they introduced in the U.S. Senate S. 533, a bill to provide for the humane treatment of vertebrate animals used in experiments and tests by recipients of grants from the United States and by agencies and instru- mentalities of the United States Government. On February 7th, Senator Stephen M. Young of Ohio joined Senator Clark and Senator Neuberger in sponsoring S. 533. The bill has been referred to the Senate Commit- tee on Labor and Public Welfare. S. 533 embodies all the basic principles of the bill which Senator Clark and Senator Neuberger sponsored last year (S. 3088) and its companion House bill (H.R. 1937). In drafting the new bill, every attempt has been made to meet reasonable criticism and misunderstanding on the part of opponents. The controversial section referring to project plans, which received the major part of the criticism from gov- ernment departments in testimony submitted for the record of the hearings on H.R. 1937 and H.R. 3556 last Sep- tember, has been modified in accordance with the sugges- tions put forward in testimony by Dr. Leon Bernstein, an experimental physiologist with long experience working under the British Act and in the United States. (see IN- FORMATION REPORT Vol. 11, No. 4, page 2). A section has been added which is a verbatim quote from Guiding Principles on the Care and Use of Ani- mals established by the American Physiological Society. This requires postoperative care equal to the best practices in small animal hospitals. The section creating a unit in the Office of the Secretary to carry out the provisions of the Act makes clear the intent that the Act not be carried out by the National Institutes of Health where an anomalous situation would arise. A provision has been added dealing with maximum expenditure to make clear that administration of the Act would not be unduly expensive and to provide funds for its administration when it is enacted, There are additional clarifying changes, made after study of the suggestions and objections submitted at the hearings and at subsequent meetings. S. 533 should have the support of humane scientists and animal protective workers alike. When Senator Clark introduced his bill in the last Con- gressional session, a number of quotations from the litera- ture giving examples of severe experimental procedures were published in the INFORMATION REPORT. Most Of these were undertaken in physiological laboratories. So that readers may have a glimpse of suffering undergone by animals in surgery departments where massive nunbers of dogs are often used, some quotations from the widely used text, Experimental Surgery, by J. Markowitz, J. Archibald and R. G. Downie follow. This text was recommended from the podium at the 1962 meeting of the Animal Care Panel. It has gone through four editions and has, as stated in the foreword, stimulated a great deal of work. The authors make clear the painfulness of wound-heal- ing. Under The Healing of Wounds they state, As a result of low oxygen tension, glucose is broken down to form acid, which causes great pain. As granulation tissue becomes formed, the acidity swings to the alkaline side. As the animal recovers from stress, traumatic inflammation

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