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             Arnenca' s universties di not slide intc iiiberajisrn overnight. =he urrent Capnus phe-
             nor'nera we ar witnessing are partly a result of a decades-long assauiton the faculty's
             role and Iding   on can  us
          &  This assautis atest  -ave -  ing c *oducted  in Wh e   f  equty,  i:  th- ultimate'
             assunono   that eqit  is fuIy syn onyrnous with academic quality. D/estite the falsity of
             this assumptin  t s being pushed on universties bv their accreditors.
             CngriclessiE.:nal aversig ht, coup-ed wi h regulatory and potential statutory changes to the
             US 0cCredi a in system, can push accreditors to reverse rather than facilitate the rise of
             illiberalism on carnpus by rest rng he proper baiarnce oetwneen faculty and adrministra-
             tor   irar rmeans can be used to shi accrediiorstoa true qualityassurance model that
             r-wards acdCemic  excellece, suerior student outcomes, and adherence  to the ideals
             :f liberad education.



in - all l thI'ese idomain7s  kno dge, ,ten .rs cv i  ond n of progrcss i5 copLete and unimied f. reeomn to pursue
iqiry  and pubich its results. Sueh freedaom is the area/h in th 7 nosirils   ala scfent/fic acfirtty.


The late 198os and early 9gos saw a wave or stud-
ies, articles, and books that were highly critical of
American   higher education's direction. Viewed
from  today, this literature is instructive as much
for what is naissing as for what it covers. It does not
irnclude any reference to or premonition of a range
of illiberal practices that have become common-
place on toda's univer'sity campuses. Historic and
influential works such as Ilan Bloom's The Closifn
of the American  Enal H/   Hghlr  Education ras
Failed Democrac   nIovcrlshed  the Sou/s of Today's
Students and the N-aiona asociation  of Scholars'
The Dissolutfon of Genrail Education i9J4-993 con-
tarn no references to speech codes, speaker  arid
eiewpoint  exclusion, censorship and seaf-censor-
ship, loyalty oaths, and cancellations because


-----Anerican Association of University Professors'

these policies and practices had vet to emerge in
any generat Way.
   While speech  codes began  to appear at select
public universities for the first time in the late
198os, it would be another 25 years-with the infa-
mous  Yale iHalloween costume  ix:cident-before
the  extent of higher  education's illiberal drift
would  be widely recogRnied, This 25-year period,
roughly from  1990 to 2015, was a crucial one for
American  higher educatiOn, for it included enor-
moos  changes in the nodes  of instruction. These
years saw the wde adoption  of the nontraditional-
studenct mode1 and the rise and rapid expansion of
online learning. Just as mportant was a bold and
unprecedented  effort by accreditors to remake col-
leges and unrversities Intoefficient,qualiy--focused,
data-drive n organiatioas  througa the  strategic

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