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1 1 (October 26, 2020)

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Key  Points

  ; ihe US can nC ltncer aford t o IriCrtie 'u nterterrorsr at thE cost of cornQetiig wuth
     global cowers such as China  rd Rusia
     L istead, the US must transfrr its apprach to c runter;ing a Oaeda, the Islamic State,
     and other ike-rninded grou p' by ocusing on the environment that enables both Salafi-
     jihadis and ac'vsaris sc'h as China arnd Russia tW expan ther influence.
       S r'nsfor i-n.'e apprh req  ires t te  t) Improve h ow i operaes .n comple  anr
     frai  en rvironments. The Global Fr, IilityAct GFAI is an opportuniy to drive the neces-
     sary hange  throu hout the interagency to succeed in these  But its rnpew men-
     tation has faken <horL
  4  Senior administration otal should u.e the GFA tomuevelop and empleren  a srategic-
     level approach that underscores  xict p rvn.  n, s Fotrbrn, trncd peoee building.
     THis means using foreign assistance effectively to advance American interests and con-
     test territory that will otherwise fall to Sal' f-.ihadis or to Beijing or Moscow.


The US is no closer toay to defeating al Qaeda ardl
like-rinded groups than it was on 9/n, Th Americar
home  front may be safe for nov and better defended
against known threats due in no small part to the
vigilarn e of US intelligence, military and law enforce-
ment  personnl,  But  the Salafnjihadi enermy bas
strengthened globally and adapts and innovates to
aciiCe its aims.
   As they have done  before, Salafi-jihadi groups
that have been defeated or near defeat can recon -
stitute or build the conditions to do so, creating a
risk that the resources expended against them will
have been wasted. The  Islamic State's rise in Iraq
erased hard-won  US  and Iraqi gains. Al Qaeda in
Yemen   recovered  from  setbacks  after Emirati


counterterrorism operations in  2   And  the Tal-
tban and al Qaeda are set to come back in Afghani-
stan, where the Trump  adrninistratioin negotiated
the withdrawai of US troops based on the assump-
tion that the Taliban breaks a mi't'-decade rela-
tionship with al Qaeda.' In the Sahel and Somalia,
trends strongwy favor Salafi-jihadis Any perceived
successes against these groups  wi  probably  be
lost hecause counterterrorism alone will nor deliver
a lastnrg victory,
   The US is in period of re balancing its resources
against strategic pioities. For nearly tvo decades,
the US has resourced counterterrorism operations
at the expense of other interests, assuming risks in
conventional  military readiness and other areas.

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