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1 1 (January 8, 2020)

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Key Points

    Vary argue Tat A-rneK can poits today is opeiessly beser by triani----- the dea-.
    ended opposition of dioterent socii, econo  poeitical, and religious factis set
    agains  t   oheri.
    While ibais-n is pait f human rhatti e, t'e repubicajn stateinan [as a duty to rie above
    i and gover foi the good of the whole country rther tian one segment.

    A car efiu Iook at JaTes  'ad i so.'s 4(j- year career in pol itics i 11  tate  t hat h'.i lied  o find
    comon gro       eo  nlaruiy pusuirng good for  Ie Mob county wRithL dis-
    proportiona:ely urdenino. o aiding any, singe faction,
    If poiticians rinrnicked M'Aadhson's appoach to  ulic poilicy -- trying  find ' omnnor
    grou:id, riinii   poitc Co seFs, and never e,:ainefiting one side tao jeatiy--
    they could artnelhorate the prob. , of tribahism,


Politics today is a -essy,  urtpie sanr aftair that
deeply displeases most Americans. They hate the
fighting and mean-spidtedness. They hate tMit
nobody seems to try to find common ground.
T-day, publit intellestu,-as reliably infot:m the
count'l> that the problen is tribalism. We the
people are simply tio different and too opposed to
each. other for politics to be better than an endless,
bloody serum that acomplishes litle for the aver
age Anerican.
   Tribalism (or what James Madisom would call
f-.ctionaisin) does indeed contribute to politics'
unpleasantnress, However, tribalism is an essential
huntman iality to suibdivide race, ecnonics, reli-
gion, gCeo-aphy; and so on. As Madison once said.
factiotalisn is sown in the nature of man.,


   Netver.n.eless, must this be the end of the storl'
Arter all, a republic such as the United States is a
system in which the people elect leae:s to rene.-
sent the. Must leaders roboticaily reflect these
factional divides, measure for measure, on the
floor of Congresse Of course nor. Madison hoped
thtat public ofcials would be characterized by
rvisdomn ... patriotism and lo-ve of justice and
that they wfould endeavor to refine and enlarge
the public views?-
   This is notably similar to what Ednunid Burke
stated In his farnous Speech to tie liectors at
Bristol In thIs speech, Burke established what is
nowa- called the trusteeship of r'-pcesentation'
whereby representatives owe their most fervent
devotion and dttifl consideration to the desires
of themr eon sti'tuents Lut are ahiwas guided bya their


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