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1 1 (January 2018)

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Key  Points

  *  The main development in 2017 for China's investment around the world was the curbing
     of private Chinese investment in the US and the expansion of state-owned enterprises'
     investment in Europe. There were signs late in the year that Beijing could allow more
     private spending in 2018.
  *  The United States, at least, may not be interested. American skepticism grew first due
     to a wave of attempted Chinese technology acquisitions and most recently with the
     possibility of Americans' personal data being held by Chinese companies. Formal US
     restrictions are pending.
  *  The Belt and Road Initiative consists primarily of Chinese construction projects rather
     than investment. These continue to be substantial, but there was no sign of intensified
     activity in 2017, and the extreme dollar figures some associate with Belt and Road are
     currently unreasonable.


China's investment around the world in 2017 was
dominated  by talk of restrictions applied by the
central government and host governments, such
as the United States. The obvious implication,
supported by misleading official statistics, was
that China's global spending had plunged. This is
wrong. The best available evidence indicates Chi-
nese investment overseas climbed modestly in
2017, after a path-breaking 2016.
   The China Global Investment Tracker (CGIT)
from the American Enterprise Institute is the only
fully public record of China's outbound investment
and construction.' Rather than merely asserting
totals, the CGIT lists all 2,700 transactions. The
CGIT  shows investment rising almost 9 percent
in 2017. This heavily depended on the $43 billion
acquisition of Swiss agro-tech giant Syngenta,
without which investment would have dropped


more than 16 percent. For perspective, the 2017
total without Syngenta would still be the second-
highest on record.
   It is true that the top line is more bullish than
what is below it. The number of transactions fell,
as did investment volume in many countries and
sectors. But the numbers make  clear that the
over-arching story is not decline but change to
very large transactions by state-owned enterprises
(SOEs)  and new sectors of emphasis, such as
logistics. Such purchases lead to a banner 2017 for
Britain and Singapore, as examples.
   Chinese investment is often conflated with its
overseas construction of rail lines, ports, and so
forth. While construction activity is valuable, it
does not bring ownership as investment does.
Construction contracts are smaller on average,


AMERICAN   ENTERPRISE INSTITUTE

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