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Key Points
Childcare is early education, but high-quality childcare is financially out of reach for many
working families. As a result, millions of children from birth to kindergarten entry end up
in subpar care, compromising their growth during the most crucial developmental years.
States increasingly recognize childcare's critical impact on children's early learning and
development. Yet fragmentation among federal funding streams is hindering growing state
efforts to provide low-income working families with adequate access to high-quality care.
A federal performance partnership offers an innovative approach to this problem. By granting
greater flexibility in the use of funds awarded across various funding streams, a performance
partnership in early childhood can advance states' capacity to meet the needs of work-
ing families and their young children while amplifying the impact of current spending.
[We aim] to lighten the burdens of children, to set their feet upon paths to health and
well-being and happiness....
Let no one believe that these are questions which should not stir a nation; that they are
below the dignity of statesmen or governments. If we could have but one generation of
properly born, trained, educated, and healthy children, a thousand other problems of
government would vanish.
-President Herbert Hoover, 1930
Address to the White House Conference on Child Health and Protection
Childcare is playing an unprecedented role in the
lives of America's young children. While in 1940
fewer than one in io women with children under
age six were in the workforce, today almost seven
out of io are working outside the home.1 That means
millions of children are now in the care of people
other than their parents, often starting at birth.
By kindergarten entry, many young children have
spent more than 1,ooo hours in childcare-com-
pared to the iioo hours or less for a full-year pre-K
or Head Start program.2 And those thousands of
hours in childcare are occurring during the most
crucial developmental period of a child's life. The
science is clear: For better or for worse, the early
AMERICAN ENTERPRISE INSTITUTE](ViewImageLocal?handle=hein.amenin/aeiaaao0001&div=1&collection=&method=preview&ext=.png&size=3)