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Case Citations [1] (July 2017 through Augusts 2018)

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    TORTS 3D: LIABILITY FOR PHYSICAL AND

                            EMOTIONAL HARM



        CHAPTER 1. INTENT, RECKLESSNESS, AND NEGLIGENCE: DEFINITIONS

§ 1. Intent

Conn.2018.  Cit. in ftn.; coms. (c) and (e) quot. in ftn. Employee brought an action against employer,
seeking recovery for injuries suffered while operating an excavator rigged, based on allegations that,
among  other things, employer was reckless in failing to repair the excavator despite being warned that it
was dangerous to operate. The trial court granted summary judgment for defendant. The court of appeals
affirmed. This court affirmed, holding that plaintiff failed to establish that defendant had subjective
intent to create a dangerous situation with a substantial certainty of injury, and that defendant's conduct
did not fall within the exclusivity provision of the workers' compensation act. The court explained that
satisfying the substantial-certainty exception by requiring proof of the employer's subjective intent to
engage in an activity that it knew would bear a substantial certainty of injury to an employee was
consistent with the definition of substantial certainty set forth in Restatement Third of Torts: Liability
for Physical and Emotional Harm § 1. Lucenti v. Laviero, 176 A.3d 1, 11.

§ 2. Recklessness

Conn.2017.  Cit. in sup., cit. and quot. in diss. op., cit. in ftn. to diss. op.; com. (b) cit. in sup.; com. (d)
cit. and quot. in diss. op.; com. (e) cit. in sup. and in diss. op. Administrator of the estates of four
residents who died in a fire that broke out in their public-housing facility sued fire department and city
officials, alleging that defendants negligently failed to inspect the facility's smoke-detection equipment
for compliance with fire-safety codes and regulations. The trial court granted summary judgment for
defendants, finding that defendants were immune from suit under the state's municipal-liability statute.
The court of appeals reversed, ruling that defendants were potentially liable under an exception to the
statute for exhibiting reckless disregard for public health or safety. This court affirmed, holding that,
under Restatement Third of Torts: Liability for Physical and Emotional Harm § 2, a municipal defendant
could exhibit reckless disregard for purposes of the statute when it was clear that the failure to inspect
could result in a catastrophic harm, albeit not a likely one. The dissent cited § 2 in arguing that the
magnitude of the risk-including both the likelihood of a harm-causing incident and the severity of the
harm that could ensue-had  to be considered in determining recklessness. Williams v. Housing
Authority of the City of Bridgeport, 174 A.3d 137, 154, 162-166.

§ 3. Negligence

W.D.N.Y.2017.  Com.  (g) quot. in disc. University employee who was injured in an explosion while
conducting an experiment pursuant to university's agreement to make labs available to outside users for
conducting university-approved proposed experiments brought a negligence action against, inter alia,
employer of principal investigator that had proposed the experiment. The district court granted summary
judgment for defendant. The court of appeals reversed and remanded. This court granted summary




          For earlier citations, see the Appendices, Supplements, or Pocket Parts, if any, that correspond to the subject matter under examination.

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