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Case Citations [1] (April 2023 - August 2023)

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                                THE   AMERICAN
                                LAW INSTITUTE



                                      Spring 2023 Citations



   TORTS 3D: APPORTIONMENT OF LIABILITY



              TOPIC   1. BASIC  RULES   OF  COMPARATIVE RESPONSIBILITY

§ 8. Factors for Assigning Shares of Responsibility

C.A.10, 2022. Cit. in diss. op. After defendant was convicted of child-sex trafficking and conspiracy, the
district court found that he could not be required to pay restitution to the victim, who had also been
sexually abused by others, unless the government could prove that his actions were the but-for cause of
some identifiable portion of the victim's psychological treatment. This court issued a panel opinion
affirming the district court and denied a judge's sua sponte poll requesting en banc review. The dissent
argued that restitution could be ordered consistent with a recent Supreme Court decision, which held that
restitution for psychological injury when a victim of child pornography was viewed by multiple
offenders could be ordered against an individual offender in the same manner that juries commonly
apportioned damages for individual injuries in civil cases under Restatement Third of Torts:
Apportionment  of Liability § 8. United States v. Anthony, 39 F.4th 1247, 1248.



      TOPIC   2. LIABILITY  OF  MULTIPLE TORTFEASORS FOR INDIVISIBLE HARM

§ 10. Effect of Joint and Several Liability

C.A.2, 2022. Cit. in sup. Lender, which had obtained an arbitration award jointly and severally against
Iraqi borrower and Lebanese bank that were involved in a scheme to defraud it and which was pursuing
an additional arbitration against bank, filed a petition for confirmation of the award and for an order of
attachment of bank's property. The district court granted in part lender's motion to confirm the first
award but found that lender failed to establish a probability of success in the second arbitration. This
court vacated and remanded for further proceedings to determine lender's probability of success in the
second arbitration. The court cited Restatement Third of Torts: Apportionment of Liability §§ 10 and 12
in reasoning that, based on the district court's own findings that bank and borrower in concert defrauded
lender, and that lender was likely to establish joint and several liability as to bank, it was an error to
conclude that the second arbitration panel was not likely to hold bank jointly and severally liable. Iraq
Telecom  Limited v. IBL Bank S.A.L., 43 F.4th 263, 276.

§ 12. Intentional Tortfeasors

C.A.2, 2022. Cit. in sup. Lender, which had obtained an arbitration award jointly and severally against
Iraqi borrower and Lebanese bank that were involved in a scheme to defraud it and which was pursuing
                            COPYRIGHT C2023 By THE AMERICAN LAW INSTITUTE
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          For earlier citations, see the Appendices, Supplements, or Pocket Parts, if any, that correspond to the subject matter under examination.

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