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Case Citations [1] (July 2019 - April 2020)

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   TORTS 3D: APPORTIONMENT OF LIABILITY



               TOPIC   1. BASIC RULES OF COMPARATIVE RESPONSIBILITY

§ 7. Effect of Plaintiff's Negligence When Plaintiff Suffers an Indivisible Injury

Or.App.2019.  Com.  (m) cit. in ftn. Personal representative for the estate of decedent who committed
suicide by firearm filed a wrongful-death action against decedent's mental-health providers, alleging
that defendants knew that decedent had purchased a gun and had expressed the intent to commit suicide,
but negligently failed to take a number of preventative steps. The trial court denied plaintiff's motion in
limine seeking to exclude any reference to the defense of comparative fault, and entered a judgment of
dismissal after a jury assigned 42% of the responsibility to defendants and 58% to decedent. Affirming,
this court held that the trial court did not err in allowing defendants to plead and prove comparative
fault. The court cited Restatement Third of Torts: Apportionment of Liability § 7 in reasoning that a
patient's negligent conduct could form the basis of a comparative-fault defense when it related and
contributed to the negligent treatment at issue in a malpractice claim filed by the patient. Gardner v.
Oregon  Health Sciences University, 450 P.3d 558, 564.



      TOPIC   2. LIABILITY   OF  MULTIPLE TORTFEASORS FOR INDIVISIBLE HARM

§ 14. Tortfeasors Liable for Failure to Protect the Plaintiff from the Specific Risk of an Intentional
Tort

D.Idaho, 2019. Cit. but not fol.; com. (b) quot. but not fol. Former boy scouts who were sexually abused
by their scoutmasters sued scouting organization and church that sponsored their troop, alleging that
defendants were negligent in failing to prevent the abuse. This court denied plaintiffs' motion to exclude
the abusers from the verdict form, holding that, rather than leaving insolvent or unavailable abusers off
the verdict form, it would instruct the jury of the effect of their allocations of responsibility, so that the
jury fully understood that any percentage of responsibility allocated to the abuser would reduce
plaintiffs' damages by that percentage. The court noted that Idaho had rejected the approach set forth in
Restatement Third of Torts: Apportionment of Liability § 14, which made intentional tortfeasors jointly
and severally liable with tortfeasors who negligently failed to protect against the risk of intentional torts.
Does I-XIX  v. Boy Scouts of America, 384 F.Supp.3d 1257, 1260, 1261.

§ 15. Persons Acting in Concert

Ga.2019. Com.  (a) quot. in ftn. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) brought an action in
federal court against former officers and directors of a bank, alleging that defendants were negligent and
grossly negligent in approving ten commercial real-estate loans that caused the bank to sustain losses
and ultimately led to its closure. After a jury found that certain defendants were negligent in approving
four of the loans, the district court entered a judgment holding defendants jointly and severally liable.
Answering  questions certified by the court of appeals, this court held that Georgia's apportionment
statute did not abrogate its common-law rule imposing joint-and-several liability on tortfeasors who

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