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Case Citations [i] (Fall 2023)

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                                 THE   AMERICAN
                                 LAW    INSTITTE



                                       Fall 2023 Citations



                                    AGENCY 2D



Generally

C.A.3, 2023. Cit. generally in case quot. in ftn. Former employee filed hostile-work environment claims
under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act against former employer, its president, and its director, alleging
that director, who was her direct supervisor, sexually harassed her. The trial court entered judgment on a
jury verdict against employee and denied her motion for a new trial. While affirming on other grounds,
this court held that the trial court erred by refusing to instruct the jury that the Faragher/Ellerth
defense-which   allowed an employer to escape vicarious liability in some circumstances-was
unavailable where, as here, the alleged harasser functioned as the alter ego or proxy of the employer
under Restatement Second of Agency  § 219(2)(a). The court noted that the Supreme Court had
acknowledged  that the Restatement Second of Agency was a useful beginning point for a discussion of
general agency principles. O'Brien v. Middle East Forum, 57 F.4th 110, 118.



                          CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTORY MATTERS

                                    TOPIC   1. DEFINITIONS

§ 2. Master; Servant; Independent  Contractor

D.Mass.2022.  Cit. in case cit. in sup. Owner of an experimental, deep-sea submarine that was damaged
in a tractor-trailer fire while being transported to a museum sued, among others, freight-forwarding
service that was retained by museum and shipping company that owned the tractor trailer and was hired
by freight-forwarding service, alleging negligence and breach of bailment. This court granted in part
freight-forwarding service's motion for summary judgment, holding that owner could not state a claim
against it for negligence or breach of bailment because shipping company was not its agent. The court
reasoned that submarine owner had not proffered evidence that freight-forwarding service exercised
sufficient control over shipping company's performance to establish an agency relationship under
Restatement Second of Agency  § 2. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution v. ATS Specialized, Inc.,
594 F.Supp.3d 276, 291.

Cal.App.2022.  Subsec. (3) quot. in sup. User of dirt bike sued, among others, distributor of dirt bike,
alleging that defendant should be liable for plaintiff's vehicular accident that arose as a result of the
negligent assembly of the dirt bike by defendant's authorized dealer. The trial court entered judgment on
a jury verdict for defendant. This court reversed in part and remanded, holding that the trial court erred

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          For earlier citations, see the Appendices, Supplements, or Pocket Parts, if any, that correspond to the subject matter under examination.

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