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Case Citations [1] (July 2018 through April 2019)

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                                       TRUSTS 2D


                        CHAPTER 1. DEFINITIONS AND DISTINCTIONS

                                      TOPIC 1. DEFINITIONS

  § 1. Scope of the Restatement

  C.A.3, 2018. Com. (b) cit. and quot. in ftns. Limited partnership filed an action for breach of contract
  and unjust enrichment against limited-liability companies, alleging diversity jurisdiction given that its
  general partner was a limited-liability company whose sole member was a resident of Pennsylvania and
  none of the original defendants' members were residents of Pennsylvania. After the entry of a settlement
  agreement, plaintiff moved for entry of a consent judgment due to defendants' alleged breach of the
  agreement. The district court granted defendants' motion to dismiss for lack of diversity jurisdiction,
  finding that the citizenship of traditional and business trusts included all members, including their
  beneficiaries, and that the membership of plaintiff included at least three trusts whose beneficiaries were
  citizens of New Jersey and a defendant also had a member who was a citizen of New Jersey. This court
  vacated and remanded, holding that the citizenship of a traditional trust was based only on the
  citizenship of its trustee. The court determined that the record was insufficient to determine whether the
  trusts at issue were traditional or business trusts, and thus whether there was diversity jurisdiction, and
  noted, citing Restatement Second of Trusts § 1, that § 2 of the Restatement could be used to determine if
  an express traditional trust was created. GBForefront, L.P. v. Forefront Management Group, LLC, 888
  F.3d 29, 39, 41.

  § 2. Definition of Trust

  C.A.3, 2018. Cit. in cases cit. in sup., quot. in ftn. Limited partnership filed an action for breach of
  contract and unjust enrichment against limited-liability companies, alleging diversity jurisdiction given
  that its general partner was a limited-liability company whose sole member was a resident of
  Pennsylvania and none of the original defendants' members were residents of Pennsylvania. After the
  entry of a settlement agreement, plaintiff moved for entry of a consent judgment due to defendants'
  alleged breach of the agreement. The district court granted defendants' motion to dismiss for lack of
  diversity jurisdiction, finding that the citizenship of traditional and business trusts included all members,
  including their beneficiaries, and that the membership of plaintiff included at least three trusts whose
  beneficiaries were citizens of New Jersey and a defendant also had a member who was a citizen of New
  Jersey. This court vacated and remanded, holding that the citizenship of a traditional trust was based
  only on the citizenship of its trustee. The court determined that the record was insufficient to determine
  whether the trusts at issue were traditional or business trusts, and thus whether there was diversity
  jurisdiction, and noted that Restatement Second of Trusts § 2 could be used to determine if an express
  traditional trust was created. GBForefront, L.P. v. Forefront Management Group, LLC, 888 F.3d 29, 40,
  41.

  Ohio App.2017. Quot. in sup. Owners of lots in a residential development sued social club that owned
  lots in the development and trustees of a trust that owned and managed a beach area in the development
  for the benefit of lot owners, seeking a declaration that club members who did not also own lots in the

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