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Case Citations Restatement, Third, Torts: Liability for Economic Harm [1] (April 2023 - August 2023)

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                                 THE   AMERICAN
                                 LAW INSTITUTE



                                       Spring 2023 Citations



 TORTS 3D: LIABILITY FOR ECONOMIC HARM



            CHAPTER 1. UNINTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF ECONOMIC LOSS

§ 1. Liability for the Unintentional Infliction of Economic Loss: General Principles

S.D.Fla.2022. Subsec. (1) quot. in sup.; com. (b) cit. in sup.; com. (c)(2) and Rptr's Note (e) cit. and
quot. in sup. In multidistrict litigation, retail investors sued registered securities clearing brokers,
alleging that brokers' decision to restrict purchases of meme stocks on their electronic trading
platform during a period of market volatility forced share prices of the stocks into a steep decline. This
court granted brokers' motion to dismiss investors' claims for negligence and gross negligence, holding
that investors did not adequately allege the existence of a tort duty under either California or Florida
law. The court cited Restatement Third of Torts: Liability for Economic Harm § 1 in noting that,
generally, parties had no duty to protect others against purely economic losses, and that the parties'
contract permitted brokers to restrict investors' ability to trade securities. In re January 2021 Short
Squeeze Trading Litigation, 584 F.Supp.3d 1161, 1181-1185, 1188.

Cal.2022. Subsec. (1) quot. in sup. Borrower who used his home as collateral for two junior loans from
bank filed a claim for negligence against bank after it sold the loans to a third party that foreclosed on
borrower's home, alleging that bank breached a duty of care to process, review, and respond to his
applications for loan modification, causing him to forgo alternatives to foreclosure. The trial court
sustained bank's demurrer, finding that it owed borrower no such duty, and the court of appeals
affirmed. Affirming, this court held that, because borrower's claim arose from the mortgage contract he
had with bank, it fell within the ambit of the economic-loss doctrine. The court explained that, according
to Restatement Third of Torts: Liability for Economic Harm § 1, an actor had no general duty to avoid
the unintentional infliction of economic loss on another. Sheen v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 505 P.3d
625, 632.

§ 3. Preclusion of Tort Liability Arising from Contract (Economic-Loss Rule)

S.D.Fla.2022. Com.  (a) cit. and quot. in sup.; Rptr's Notes (a) and (b) cit. in sup. In multidistrict
litigation, retail investors sued registered securities clearing brokers, alleging that brokers' decision to
restrict purchases of meme stocks on their electronic trading platform during a period of market
volatility forced share prices of the stocks into a steep decline. This court granted brokers' motion to
dismiss investors' claims for negligence and gross negligence, holding that investors did not adequately
allege the existence of a tort duty under either California or Florida law. The court cited Restatement
Third of Torts: Liability for Economic Harm § 3 in noting that, generally, parties had no duty to protect
others against purely economic losses, and that the parties' contract permitted brokers to restrict
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          For earlier citations, see the Appendices, Supplements, or Pocket Parts, if any, that correspond to the subject matter under examination.

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