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2 Universal Hum. Rts. 47 (1980)
Contacts with the West: The Dissidents' View of Western Support for the Human Rights Movement in the Soviet Union

handle is hein.journals/hurq2 and id is 49 raw text is: SYMPOSIUM
Dissent in the Soviet Union
Contacts with the West: The
Dissidents' View of Western
Support for the Human Rights
Movement in the Soviet Union
RICHARD N. DEAN
Richard N. Dean is completing a joint J.D.-M.A. program in
government and foreign affairs at the University of Virginia in
Charlottesville. He will join the New rork law firm Coudert Brothers as
an associate in the fall of 1980.
The recent wave of Soviet repression of dissidence in response to President
Carter's open rebuke of Soviet violations of human rights has raised the ques-
tion of what, if anything, the West can do to support the development of the
human rights, or dissident, movement in the Soviet Union. The Nixon-
Kissinger policy of quiet diplomacy, based on the assumption that open con-
frontations over human rights were counterproductive, provided little overt sup-
port for persecuted dissidents. American frustration with this policy peaked
when President Ford refused to receive Alexander Solzhenitsyn at the White
House to avoid provoking the Soviet leadership. Carter's policy of speaking out
against Soviet violations of human rights, while providing greater support for
the dissidents, seems to have provoked even greater persecution.
This basic confusion over what the United States and other Western
nations can do to support the dissidents has prompted this essay. It is my asser-
tion that the dissidents, through their contacts with the West, have grown in-
creasingly sophisticated in their approach to this problem and consequently
have much to offer toward its resolution. For this reason, I focus on the develop-
ment of dissident contacts with the West and the means of support that the
dissidents suggest are most effective. Such means include the dissemination of
information, the use of formal contacts such as detente and the Helsinki agree-
ment, the use of coercive measures, and the work of private international
organizations. Finally, I attempt to suggest several implications that these
UNIVERSAL HUMAN RIGHTS, Vol. 2, No. , Jan-Mar 1980 ©Earl M. Coleman Ent. Inc.

UNIVERSAL HUMAN RIGHTS

January-March

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