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36 Fletcher F. World Aff. 15 (2012)
How Mass Atrocities End: An Evidence-Based Counter-Narrative

handle is hein.journals/forwa36 and id is 15 raw text is: How Mass Atrocities End: An Evidence-Based Counter-Narrative ALEX DE WAAL JENS MEIERHENRICH BRIDGET CONLEY-ZILKIC On October 20, 2011, the battered body of the deposed Libyan leader, Muammar Qaddafi, was paraded through the streets of Sirte and Misrata. Although the details of his final hours are in question, some facts are clear. There were at least two bullet holes in the 69-year-old's dead body, one to the head and one to the stomach. He was shot after forces loyal to the National Transitional Council beat him, leaving him cut and bruised. It is also possible that some of his wounds were the result of a NATO air attack on his 100-car convoy as it fled Sirte, the site of his final stand. While a complete official version of his death has yet to be pronounced, journalists located several eyewitnesses whose testimony, in addition to the brutal video that surfaced first on AI-Arabiya,1 indicate that he was executed after being taken into custody. Reuters journalist Rania El Gamal quoted a local commander who asserted that while the leaders of the Interim Transitional National Council (NTC) wanted to keep Gaddafi alive, over-enthusiastic young fighters executed him.2 And thus ended the 2011 Libyan Civil War, as well as NATO's mission, Unified Protector. It is not shocking that a civil war would conclude with a furious, over-enthusiastic, and young armed force finishing off a leader who had reigned for more than forty years; there are many such examples throughout history and across the globe. But it ought to give pause for reflection on why an international intervention authorized by UN Security Alex de Waal is Executive Director of the World Peace Foundation at the Fletcher School. Jens Meierhenrich is Senior Lecturer of International Relations at the London School ofEconomics and Political Science. Bridget Conley-Zilkic is Research Director at the World Peace Foundation at the Fletcher School VOL. 36:1 WINTER 2012

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