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10 Temp. Int'l & Comp. L.J. 1 (1996)
Failed States, Self-Determination, and Preventive Diplomacy: Colonialist Nostalgia and Democratic Expectations

handle is hein.journals/tclj10 and id is 7 raw text is: FAILED STATES, SELF-DETERMINATION, AND
PREVENTIVE DIPLOMACY: COLONIALIST
NOSTALGIA AND DEMOCRATIC
EXPECTATIONS
Henry J. Richardson, lilt
This article is dedicated to Haywood Burns - Brother without End,
Law Warrior for Global Justice, Builder, Scholar, Generous and
Moving Human Spirit.
One must be a god to be able to tell successes from failures with-
out making a mistake.
-Anton Chekhov
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I.  Introduction  ...................................................  2
II. The Context of Labelling a State Failed .....................    12
A.  The  Delgado  Dilemma  .....................................   12
B. The Normative Ambiguities of Failure ...................      13
C. Issues of Content for a Claim of Failure .................    16
D. International Liability for State Failure ..................  20
E. Further Clarification of the Facts ...........................  22
F. Conservatism, Failure, and Superpowers ..................     23
G .  Television  ..................................................  28
H. Re-Colonization as the Alleged Solution: The Pfaff
Proposal  ...................................................  29
I. Failure and Global Resources .............................    31
J.  Summary  of Context ........................................   33
III.  Further Legal Deficiencies  .....................................  33
A. Initial Constitutive Implications ............................  33
B. Sovereignty, Failure, and Sovereign Equality of States ....   36
C. The Right of Self-Determination of Peoples .................   41
IV. Projection of Present Legal Trends into the Near Future ........   49
V. Recommended Policy Directions ...............................      56
A.  Preventive  Diplomacy  ......................................  58
t Professor of Law, Temple University School of Law. Much appreciation is owed to my
colleagues Amelia Boss, Jeffrey Dunoff, Samuel Gyandoh and John Lindsey, and to Makau wa
Mutua for reading earlier drafts of this article and contributing critical insights. Excellent re-
search assistance was provided by Ingrid Dahlberg (J.D. Temple 1995), Seth Addo-Yobo (J.D.
Temple 1995), Naomi Lefkowitz (J.D. Temple 1995), and especially so by Mary Ann Jones (J.D.
Temple expected 1996), and Matthew Corcoran (J.D. Temple expected 1996). Tracey Brown
provided invaluable administrative assistance. With all of them, plus the Journal Staff, is shared
the worth of this article. Errors and shortcomings are mine alone.

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