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28 Environs: Envtl, L. & Pol'y J. 117 (2004-2005)
The Skyscraper, Green Design, & the LEED Green Building Rating System: The Creation of Uniform Sustainable Standards for the 21st Century or the Perpetuation of an Architectural Fiction

handle is hein.journals/environs28 and id is 121 raw text is: The Skyscraper, Green Design, & the LEED Green Building Rating System: The Creation of Uniform Sustainable Standards for the 21st Century or the Perpetuation of an Architectural Fiction? Stephen T Del Percio * TABLE OF CONTENTS IN TRODU CTION ................................................................................................. 119 I. SUSTAINABLE DESIGN STANDARDS: A 21sT CENTURY NECESSITY ....... 125 A. The Environmental Impact of Buildings ....................................... 125 B. Historical Overview of Green Building in the United States ....... 127 II. PRE-LEED GREEN BUILDING PROGRAMS AT THE STATE AND LOCAL L EV E L ................................................................................................... 130 III. THE DEBATE OVER GREEN BUILDING: ARE PURPORTED BENEFITS FACT OR FICTION? ................................................................................ 132 A. Does Green Cost M ore to Build? ................................................. 132 B. Beyond the Bottom Line ............................................................... 136 C. Conclusions about the Benefits of Green Design ......................... 136 IV. LEED: A SUFFICIENT STANDARD FOR SUSTAINABLE 21sT CENTURY HIGH-RISE ARCHITECTURE? ................................................................. 137 A. Four Times Square: America 's First Green Skyscraper .............. 138 B. LEED Credit Category 1 Analysis: Sustainable Sites (SS') ...... 139 C. LEED Credit Category 2 Analysis: Water Efficiency (WE) ........ 140 D. LEED Credit Category 3 Analysis: Energy & Atmosphere (E A ) .............................................................................................. 14 1 E. LEED Credit Category 4 Analysis: Materials & Resources (M R ) ............................................................................................ 144 *J.D. Candidate, William and Mary School of Law, 2005; B.S. Civil Engineering, Columbia University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, 2000.

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