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51 Am. Crim. L. Rev. 1521 (2014)
Perjury

handle is hein.journals/amcrimlr51 and id is 1563 raw text is: PERJURY I. INTRODUCTION ....................................... 1521 A. Section 1621: False Testimony Generally ............... .1523 B. Section 1623: False Testimony to Court or Grand Jury ..... .1524 C. Section 1622: Subornation of Perjury .................. 1525 II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE .................................... 1526 A . O ath .......................................... 1526 B. Intent ......................................... 1527 1. Section 1621: Willfulness and Knowledge of Falsity .... 1527 2. Section 1623: Knowledge of Falsity ................ 1528 C. Falsity ........................................ 1529 D. M ateriality ..................................... 1532 E. Key Distinctions between §§ 1621 and 1623 ............. .1535 1. Two-Witness Rule ............................. 1536 2. Use of False Material .......................... 1538 3. Inconsistent Declarations ....................... .1538 III. D EFENSES .......................................... 1539 A. Recantation ..................................... 1539 1. Section 1621................................. 1539 2. Section 1623................................ . 1540 B. Assistance of Counsel ............................. 1541 C. Double Jeopardy ................................. 1541 D. Perjury Trap .................................... 1542 E. Fifth Amendment ................................. 1543 IV. SENTENCING ......... ........................................ 1544 I. INTRODUCTION Perjury can subvert the fair administration of justice and the proper function of government. Because every branch and level of government relies upon sworn testimony, the integrity of governmental processes depends in large part on the truthfulness of statements made under oath.' To free courts of the pollution of 1. See ABF Freight Sys., Inc. v. NLRB, 510 U.S. 317, 323 (1994) (False testimony in a formal proceeding is intolerable. We must neither reward nor condone such a 'flagrant affront' to the truth-seeking function of adversary proceedings.); United States v. Norris, 217 F.3d 262, 274 (5th Cir. 2000) (Perjury . .. is a serious offense that results in incalculable harm to the .. .integrity of the legal system as well as to private individuals. (quoting United States v. Holland, 22 F.3d 1040, 1047 (11th Cir. 1994))). 1521

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