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52 Am. Crim. L. Rev. 1427 (2015)
Perjury

handle is hein.journals/amcrimlr52 and id is 1459 raw text is: PERJURY I. INTRODUCTION ....................................... A. Section 1621: False Testimony Generally ............... B. Section 1623: False Testimony to Court or Grand Jury ..... C. Section 1622: Subornation of Perjury .................. II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE .............................. A. Oath ........................................... B. Intent .......................................... 1. Section 1621: Willfulness and Knowledge of Falsity .... 2. Section 1623: Knowledge of Falsity .... C. Falsity ......................................... D. Materiality ...................................... E. Key Distinctions between §§ 1621 and 1623 ............. 1. Two-W itness Rule ............................. 2. Use of False M aterial .......................... 3. Inconsistent Declarations ....................... III. D EFENSES .......................................... A. Recantation ..................................... 1. Section 1621 ................................. 2. Section 1623 ................................. B. Assistance of Counsel ............................. C. Double Jeopardy ................................. D . Perjury Trap .................................... E. Fifth Amendment ................................. IV. SENTENCING ............ ........................................ 1427 1428 1430 1431 1431 1432 1433 1433 1434 1435 1439 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1446 1446 1447 1448 1448 1449 1450 1451 I. INTRODUCTION Perjury can subvert the fair administration of justice and the proper function of government. Because every branch and level of government relies upon sworn testimony, the integrity of governmental processes depends in large part on the truthfulness of statements made under oath.' To free courts of the pollution of perjury2 by deterring and punishing false testimony,3 Congress has enacted three 1. See ABF Freight Sys., Inc. v. NLRB, 510 U.S. 317, 323 (1994) (False testimony in a formal proceeding is intolerable. We must neither reward nor condone such a 'flagrant affront' to the truth-seeking function of adversary proceedings.); United States v. Norris, 217 F.3d 262, 274 (5th Cir. 2000) (Perjury ... is a serious offense that results in incalculable harm to the . . . integrity of the legal system as well as to private individuals. (quoting United States v. Holland, 22 F.3d 1040, 1047 (11th Cir. 1994))). 2. Bronston v. United States, 409 U.S. 352, 357 (1973) (The [perjury] statute ... is 'a federal statute enacted in an effort to keep the course of justice free from the pollution of perjury.' (quoting United States v. Williams, 341 U.S. 58, 68 (1951))). 1427 . . . . . . . .

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