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31 Ariz. J. Int'l & Comp. L. 875 (2014)
Playing in the Dark: How Online Games Provide Shelter for Criminal Organizations in the Surveillance Age

handle is hein.journals/ajicl31 and id is 911 raw text is: PLAYING IN THE DARK: HOW ONLINE GAMES PROVIDE SHELTER FOR CRIMINAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE SURVEILLANCE AGE Matthew S. Ruskin* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. IN TRO D UCT IO N .................................................................................................. 875 II. L EGA L O V ERV IEW ........................................................................................... 878 A. New Problems Created by Gaming Communication ................................. 878 B . Law Enforcem ent's Response .................................................................... 881 1. U nited S tates ........................................................................................... 8 8 1 2. Surveillance A broad ............................................................................... 882 C . R elevant C oncerns ...................................................................................... 888 1. P riv acy .................................................................................................... 8 8 8 2 . Innov atio n ............................................................................................... 89 0 3 . F ree S peech ............................................................................................ 892 4. C ost and E ffectiveness ........................................................................... 895 III. A N A LY SIS ....................................................................................................... 89 7 A. The Usefulness of Uniform International Guidelines ................................ 897 B. International Treaties and Intelligence-sharing .......................................... 898 C. Expansion of Domestic Surveillance Capabilities ..................................... 901 D. The Usefulness of Monitoring and Moderation by Game Creators ........... 904 IV . C O NC LUSIO N .................................................................................................. 906 I. INTRODUCTION The 2010 dark comedy Four Lions follows an inept British terrorist cell determined to conduct an attack that will echo through the ages.' Hijinks follow. Among the hilariously misguided techniques the gang of terrorists uses to subvert various anti-terrorist intelligence agencies is its use of a fictional children's online game called Puffin Party.2 There, members of the gang use their puffin avatars to communicate with each other while presumably out of law enforcement's earshot.3 In one scene, Omar, the smartest of the group, reports a J.D. Candidate, University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law, Class of 2015; Senior Managing Editor at the Arizona Journal of International & Comparative Law. Special thanks to everyone who helped throughout the process of preparing this Note, to the Journal, to my family, and to my fiancee, Heidi Nielson. I FOUR LIONS (Film4 Productions 2010). 2 Id. 3 Id.

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