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20 Wm. Mitchell L. Rev. 835 (1994)
With Liberty and Juvenile Justice for All: Extending the Right to a Jury Trial to the Juvenile Courts

handle is hein.journals/wmitch20 and id is 849 raw text is: COMMENTS WITH LIBERTY AND JUVENILE JUSTICE FOR ALL: EXTENDING THE RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL TO THE JUVENILE COURTS I. INTRODUCTION ........................................... 836 II. PURPOSES AND PROTECTIONS OF THE CRIMINAL SYSTEM ..... 837 A . Retribution ........................................... 837 B. Rehabilitation ......................................... 837 C. The Swing Back Toward Retribution .................... 838 III. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE JUVENILE COURT SYSTEM .................................................. 839 A. Early Treatment of Juveniles in the Court System .......... 839 B. Creation of the First Juvenile Courts ..................... 840 1. National System ................................... 840 2. M innesota System .................................. 844 C. Recent Trends in Juvenile Courts ........................ 845 1. National Trends ................................... 845 2. M innesota Trends ................................. 846 IV. DEVELOPMENT OF THE LAW ON THE RIGHT TO JURY TRIALS . 848 A. Constitutional Right to Jury Trials in Adult Court ........ 849 1. Jury Trials in Criminal Cases ....................... 849 2. Jury Trials in Civil Cases ........................... 850 B. Evolution of Constitutional Rights in Juvenile Court ...... 851 1. Right to a Hearing ................................ 851 2. Procedural Due Process Rights ....................... 852 3. Proof Beyond a Reasonable Doubt .................... 854 4. No Right to a Juyy Trial ............................ 854 5. An Open Window: State Legislative Protection ........ 856 C. The Right to a jury Trial in Minnesota .................. 857 V. THE REASONS FOR GRANTING OR DENYING JURY TRIALS IN JUVENILE COURT .......................................... 858 A. Reasons States Grant this Right ......................... 859 1. Protection from PrjudicialJudges .................... 859 2. Assure Accurate Fact Finding ....................... 860 3. Due Process and Fundamental Fairness Guarantee the Right to a Jury Trial ............................... 860 4. Once Granted, a Right Cannot be Removed ........... 861 B. Reasons States Do Not Grant this Right .................. 862 1. Juvenile Court Proceedings are Civil, Not Criminal .... 862 2. Uniqueness of the Juvenile Courts .................... 864 3. Juvenile Court Proceedings Would Become Adversarial.. 865 835

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