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131 Int'l Lab. Rev. 281 (1992)
Identifying the Human Resource Enterprise: A South-East Asian Example

handle is hein.journals/intlr131 and id is 295 raw text is: International Labour Review, Vol. 131, 1992, No. 3 Identifying the human resource enterprise: A south-east Asian example Guy STANDING * Introduction n the prevailing economic climate, where privatization and deregulation are the watchwords, the new orthodoxy sees public intervention as crowding out private activity: it is therefore sceptical about public expenditure per se. Some economists make an exception in the case of social expenditure on human resources , notably for health and education. Others argue more drastically that, beyond providing public health care and general primary and secondary schooling, the government should not intervene at all, and in particular should leave the market to decide on the allocation of resources for tertiary education, and vocational and other forms of training, which should be user paid. Some even question whether substantial expenditure on human resource development (HRD) really boosts economic development, suggesting that there is no correlation between the two. The term HRD itself could be dismissed as a euphemism if what it really entailed was treating people (workers) as mere factors of production, to be moulded according to the perceived needs of national and international policy-makers. There are, however, many economists who use the term in a more positive sense; for them HRD is an organizing concept, a means of restoring or reviving the social dimension of development policies after a decade in which the main concern seems to have been to promote market forces, even at the expense of social protection, poverty reduction and a more equitable distribution of income, status and wealth. It is in this latter sense that the term is used in this article. In the unfolding debate on what may prove to be the core issue in development policy in the 1990s, one theme has so far been neglected: what is the type of enterprise most compatible with human resource development in the sense in which we use it? If one seeks progress in social adjustment , what combination of labour and employment policies would one wish to see * International Labour Office. Copyright © International Labour Organization 1992

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