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13 Legal Issues of Eur. Integration [i] (1986)

handle is hein.kluwer/liei0013 and id is 1 raw text is: TABLE OF CONTENTS GOVERNMENT ACTIONS AGAINST DOMESTIC SUBSIDIES, AN ANALYSIS OF THE INTERNATIONAL RULES AND AN INTRODUCTION TO UNITED STATES' PRACTICE BY GARY HORLICK, REINHARD QUICK, EDWIN VERMULST 1. Introduction ................................................................... 1 II. The International Rules on Subsidies and Countervailing Duties 3 A. The GA TT Provisions on Subsidies and Countervailing Duties 3 1. G A TT A rticle X V I ................................................ 3 2. G A TT A rticle V I ................................................... 8 B. The Subsidies Code ..................................................... 11 1. B ackground .......................................................... 11 2 . T rack II ................................................................ 12 a. G eneral Provisions .............................................. 13 b. Special Provisions .............................................. 15 c. Procedural Provisions .......................................... 17 3. Track I ........................................................... 19 C. Final Remarks about the International Rules ................21 III. United States Countervailing Duty Laws as Weapons against D om estic Subsidies .......................................................... 24 A. The Trade Agreements Act of 1979 -A Survey of the Counter- vailing D uty L aw ....................................................... 24 1. B ackground ........................................................... 24 B. Section 771(5) and (6) - Substantive Rules on Subsidies ..... 26 1. B ackground .......................................................... 26 2. Section 771(5)(B) - Domestic Subsidies ...................... 28 a. D e M inim is Test ................................................ 29 b. Specificity T est ................................................... 30 c. The meaning of 'if provided or required by government action' . ............................................................. 3 1 d. 'Whether publicly or privately owned' - Non-Market E conom ies ........................................................ 32 e. 'Whether paid or bestowed directly or indirectly' . .... 33 f. Section 771(5)(B) and Export Subsidies .................. 33 g. Section 771(5)(B) (i) to (iv) .................................. 35 3. Valuation and Net Calculation of Domestic Subsidies ... 38 a. V aluatio n .......................................................... 38 b. N et C alculation .................................................. 42 Copyright © 2007 by Kluwer Law International. All rights reserved. No claim asserted to original government works.

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