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20 Women & Crim. Just. 1 (2010)

handle is hein.journals/wwcj20 and id is 1 raw text is: Women & CriminalJustice, 20:1, 2010 Routledge Copyright 0 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC TlFnGroup ISSN: 0897-4454 print/1541-0323 online DOI: 10.1080/08974451003641057 Editorial: Human Sex Trafficking Human trafficking is also referred to as modern day slavery. Many people in the United States do not realize that modern slaves exist and yet the annual number of trafficking victims can be in the hundreds of thousands. Some people think that trafficking is a foreign problem or that human slaves do not exist within the United States. However, human trafficking takes many forms; it can be domestic or international, it can be for the purposes of a sex trade, drug trade, or labor trade, its victims can be male or female, chil- dren or adults. Some victims might have initially participated in the trafficking situation and some have been kidnapped and coerced. The situation in Haiti brings home the need to understand the needs of women and children affected by the recent earthquake and how people can be trafficked even during periods of grave mourning when the world's eyes are on that nation. This special issue of Women & Criminaljustice provides articles that focus on sex trafficking. The victims are primarily female, many are young. In the United States, some states are enacting laws to proscribe sex trafficking and more focus is being placed on distinguishing prostitution from human sex trafficking (see for example Arizona's Revised Statutes section 13-1307). The vast sums of money associated with the sexual exploitation keeps the business thriving while the exploited victims are paid low wages and trapped by governmental corruption, poverty, and a lack of education and employment opportunities. The United States has sought to end human trafficking by passage of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act (VTVPA) and its reauthorization. The Act views trafficked persons as victims rather than offenders. Many foreign born trafficking victims who have been illegally brought into the United States do not understand our laws or how our criminal justice system operates. Changing laws are not enough to help victims, social service and criminal justice system workers will need to understand how and why trafficking victims find it difficult to break free. I trust that this issue and its contributors will inspire you to act to end such slavery in our lifetime. Frances P. Bernat, Editor Arizona State University

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