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VOL. XXVI. BOSTON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 5, 1895
The Woman's Journal.
FOUNDED BY LUCY STONE.
A Weekly NVewsper, published ever Saturday
in RsOer, . evoted to the Interests o woman-
to her edeastionl, industrial, legal and political
equality, and espeolally to her right of s!&ae.
EDITORS:
H. B. BLACKWELL,
ALICE STONE BLACKWELL.
ASSISTANT EDITORS:
FLORENCE M. ADKINSON,
CATHARINE WILDE.
OoOASIONAL CONTRIBUTOR:
JULIA WARD OWE,
MARY A. LIVERMORE,
Mae. H. M. T. CUTLER,
MART Y . EASTMAN,
DR. EMILY BLAKWELL
MISS MARY E.. BREDY,
BLIeAeTH STUART PHELPS WARD,
MART PUTNAM JAOOI, M.D.,
FRAN ES . WILLARD,
PRO. ZLLEN HAYS.
HARRIET PRESCOTr SPOFFORD
DR. LELIA 0. BKDXLL,
MRS. ADELAIDE A. CLAFLIN,
MR&. LILLIE DEVEknUX BLAKE,
DR. ALIDA C. AVERY,
MRS. LAURA M. JOHNS.
MRS. ELLER B. DIETRICK,
BOaToN OriO-No.S Park Streetwhere copies
are for sale and subscriptions received.
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J. B. MoRRIsON, Advertising Manager.
THE RU2 OEME.
BY 1. 5. SILL.
Before the monstrous wrong he sets him down-
One man against a stone-walled city of sin.
For centuries those walls have been a.building;
Smooth porphyry, they slope and coldly glass
The flying storm and wheeling sun. No chink,
No crevice Its the thinnest arrow in.
He fights alone, and from the cloudy ramparts
A thousand evil faces gibe and jeer him.
Let him lie down and die; what is the right,
And where Is justice in a world like this?
But, by and by, earth shakes herself, Impatient;
And down, in one great roar of ruin, crash
Watch-tower and citadel and battlements.
When the red dust has cleared, the lonely soldier
Stands, with strange thoughts,beneath the friend-
ly stars.
EDITORIAL NOTES.
Governor Greenhalge, in his inaugural
address of Jan. 3, 1895, renews his recom-
mendation of woman suffrage as follows:
I hold to the views expressed In the
message of last year as to the extension of
municipal suffrage to women.
Well said, Governor Greenhalge. Now
or the Legislature !
A leaflet entitled Information for the
use of the newly made women voters in
Ohio, compiled by the president and sec-
retary of the Ohio W. S. A., may be ob-
tained free by Ohio women by addressing
Mrs. C. McCullough Everhard, Massillon,
0. It contains, in compact form, such
portions of the Ohio school laws as will
assist the women who are to go to the
polls for the first time next April.
The women of Leominster, Mass., have
inaugurated a new plan which Is worthy
of imitation by other Leagues. A joint
committee has been formed, consisting of
three members of the suffrage League and
three of the local W. C. T. U. This commit-
tee will district the town systematically,
and work together for the purpose of
arousing interest and diffusing instruc-
tion In regard to woman suffrage.
It will be well to consider what Mrs.
Alice N. Lincoln has done and what she
has failed to do in Boston. She has had
on her side social position, wealth, expe-
rine, and personal character. But she
has had behind her no constituency of
women voters. The verdict of the com-
munity is in her favor. But the verdict
of the Board of. Aldermen will be a coat
of whitewash for the guilty and incompe-
tent officials. If the women of Baton
bad vo es, a very different result would
be attained. -
Our friends who are carrying on in ou
columns inirestlng discussions for and
against the justice and expediency of ask.
lag for woman sneage on an educatioal
qulificaton wil do well to keep in mind
Lucy Stone's admirabi defniin of snf.
Ifrage, In her famous plea before the New
Jersey Legislature in 1862.
Suffrage is the authoritative expres-
sion of an opinion in regard to princ.ples,
measures and men. And the essence of
suffrage Is rational choice.
The mere putting a piece of paper Into
a box is not necessarily the exercise of
suffrage by the individual who does so, if
he is ignorant of the issues involved. It
is the vote of the wire-puller behind him,
who controls his action. The essential
question is this: Is the ability to read and
write necessary in order to vote under-
standingly If so, the possession of the
ability Is a proper qualification, and not
otherwise.
The methods pursued by the Lexow
Commission In New York, in order to
secure evidence of the prevailing corrup-
tion of the police, can only be justified on
the ground of necessity. It sets aside the
old rule of English law that a man is to
be presumed Innocent until proved guilty.
Dr. Parkhurst's society in a great emer-
gency has rendered Inestimable service to
the public, but in the hands of bad men,
for bad purposes, it might have done
Irreparable wrong. And if administration
were what It ought to be, there would
never be occasion for the existence of
that society. One society organized under
the same law is under grave suspicion of
having blackmail and extortion for Its
sole objects. What every community
needs Is a more thorough and conscien-
tious enforcement of law by the regularly
constituted authorities. This can never
be had without an alert and enlightened
constituency. The only permanent re-
form must be by adding to the present
constituency of male voters the enlight-
ened sympathy and common sense of
qualified women.
The Pennsylvania Woman Suffrage
Association is trying to secure for moth-
ers enlarged rights In regard to the cus-
tody and guardianship of their children.
The New Jeasey courts are distinguish-
ing themselves of late by illiberal deci-
sions. The Supreme Court of New Jersey
lately ruled that the Legislature could
not extend school suffrage to women, al-
though it has been done by the Legisla-
tures of nearly half the States of the Union,
and its constitutionality has been upheld
by the Supreme Court even in States like
MichigAn, where the constitution is pecu-
liarly rigid. The latest medieval decision
in New Jersey Is thus chronicled and
commented upon by the Newark 2mes of
Dec. 28:
That public school teachers should be
spouseless is one of the edicts of New Jer-
sey, but it has never come to our knowl-
edge that married tutors could be sued
for divorce on account of leaving home
temporarily to teach the young idea how
to shoot. Yet that Is the substance ofa
decision recently given by Vice-Chancellor
Pitney in favor o a Sewaren benedict. The
husband sued because his wife taught a
private school, and she answered with
one of the strongest arguments ever
brought up in the Court of Chancery.
Notwithstanding her able defence, Judg.
ment was given against her. The vice-
chancellor held that since the wife refused
to surrender school for home, the Scrip.
turallnjinction held good In common law.
There is no middle ground, the vice
chancellor adds. A wife must live with
her husband or give sufficient reasons for
refusing to do so. A husband can use
physical restraint over a wife's persn to
enforce obedience.
This scandalous decision will Increase
the membership of the New Jersey Wo-
man Suffrage Association. We shall be
grateful to any of our readers in that
State who will furish us fall partculears
of the case.
The demonstraton made by the striking
shoe-workers of Haverhill, Mass., on Jan.
2, was noteworthy not ony for size and
enthusiasm, but also for the irg number
of women who took part, and for the pres-
ence and expressed sympathy of Frances
Wlard and Lady Henry Somerset. Four
hundred women marched in the proes-
sion, including the wives of well-known
citiens, who, during the recent depres-
lion, have been forced to be the wage-
eaners for their amille. Nearly every
business hoeIa Haerbhl was Illumi-
nated in lign of Sympathy. The city
council pased a unanimous resolution en-
doring the claims of the strikers, and
voting them the free use of City Hall for
r their rallies.
I -
Boston wome are warmly and deserv-
I edy prasing the Defv Adurlser for the
I strong stad it is taking in favor of equal
sumffrage
In tne January Arena, an article of
especial interest to women is a sympo-
sium on the laws relating to the protec-
tion of girls, with a black list of States.
In Delaware, where the age was seven, It
has lately been raised. It is ten years in
North and South Carolina and in Ala-
hams, twelve in Kentucky, Louisiana,
Texas and Wisconsin, thirteen in New
Hampshire, Iowa and Utah, fourteen in
Arizona, California, Connecticut, Georgia,
Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Maryland,
Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada,
New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Ore-
gon, Vermont and West Virginia; fifteen
in Delaware and Montana; sixteen In
Arkansas, Colorado, the District of Colum- f
bia, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Jer-
sey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode
Island, South Dakota, Tennessee and
Washington; seventeen In Florida; and
eighteen in Wyoming and Kansas.
Sol~
The subject is ably treated from differ-
ent standpoints by Aaron M. Powell,
Helen H. Gardener, Frances E. Willard,
A. H. Lewis, D. D., 0. Edward Janney,
M.D., Will Allen Dromgoole and Dr.
Emily Blackwell. The editor, B. 0.
Flower, in a second paper on Welisprings
and Feeders of Immorality, discusses
the same topic. A long list of cases is
cited. There could hardly be more in-
structive reading for any woman who
believes that women and girls are already
adequately protected, and that women do
not need to vote.
The celebration of seven golden wed-
dings on the same day by members of
the same church is certainly unusual. In
Detroit, Mich., recently, fve Polish
couples met at St. Casimir's Church to
receive the blessing of their priest on the
fiftieth anniversary of their wedding day.
Of these persons the oldest was 89, the
youngest 70, and all were hale and well.
Two other couples who had been married
on the same day in Poland fifty years ago,
were not well enough to attend church.
000
IDUCATED IUIVI6I&AGA IN.
Mrs. Elizabeth Cady Stanton writes the
following open letter to Mrs. Stanton
Blatch in answer to her recent criticism:
It is not the principle of universal suf-
frage that I oppose, but ignorant Impe.
cun-lous, Immoral, mankind surae,
while sex i made a disqualification for
all women. I am opposed to the domina-
tion of one sex over the other. It culti-
vates arrogance in the one, and destroys
self-respect in the other. I am opposed
to the admission of another man, either
foreign or native, to the polling-booth,
until woman, the greatest factor in civill-
sation Is first enfranchised. An aristoc-
racyoi men, composed of all types, shades
and degrees of Intelligence and ignor-
ance, Is not the most desirable substratum
for government. To subject lntelligent,
high y educated,virtuous, honorable wom-
en to the behests of such an aristocracy Is
the height of cruelty and Injustice. Our
government, religion, and social life are
all on a masculine basis. Forces in man
which, If complemented by the opposites
in women, in moderation, are virtues, in
excess are dangerous vices. His courage,
his love of exploration and command, his
violence, recklessness, love of money,
display and strong drink, all unchecked-
are responsible, in a measure, for our
terrible accidents by land and sea, for our
conflagrations and defaloations, for all
the dishonor unearthed by Investigating
committees in every department of Gov-
etnnnt. The remedy for all this isedu-
cation of the higher, more tender senti-
ments In humanity, the mother-thought
omnipresent in every department of life.
Zer Ideal must be represented in the
State, the Church, and the home. This
must be done before we can take another
step in civilization. The key to all this is
the right of suffrage, the ballot in the
hands of woman.
To this end we must cry halt on.
male suffrage for the present, ope-
cally on the immense, inerasin foreign
element, chiefly male, and al a dead
weight against women. In the W tern
States, where amendments to constitu-
tions in favor of woman suffr e have
been submitted, the foreign vote has been
Uniformly in the oppoltion, and the
measure defeated. Hose we must put
up some brrier to hold this mighty maul-
titude at bay. Time, naturalization
pape, are a mere travesty. Who keep
watch of the 800,000 every year landing
onourshore Areallthesemensobon-
eat that they will not 61er their veto
until the legal time has expired?
But when we say, You most red and
writ the nglish language intelligently,
we iengten te road from the steerage
to the pois maiy miles,ad in the mean-
timewomen canprese their claimswith-
out enountergl their worst eneies .
Other opponent say: We aer alreay
s truggin with the massof Igorn
voters; why ask u to enrncie the
vicious, iguorant women? To deprive
them of that excuse, we say again, Apply
the educational qualification. That will
hold another class at bay, until the best
women are enfranchised, and their efforts,
united with the best men, have time to
make new conditions. The imperative
need of the time is woman's influence In
public life. It Is the height of wisdom,
as well as the best policy, to protest
against any further male accessions.
Our opponents of educated suffrage,
from Mr. Garrison to Mrs. Stanton Blatch, I
all underestimate the value of the ele-
ments of education. The honest laboring
man who can read and write intelligently
has an immense advantage over one who
cannot. The lessons we get from life's
experiences are gilded by those we get
from the spelling-book and school read-
ers. Reading and writing are the tools
with which the citisen can protect him-
self and dignify the State. That some
people who are educated are vieious, and
some who are uneducated are virtuous, Is
no argument against general education.
We must take a broader view and in
national life see if the country where peo.
pie are educated does not oscupy a higher
position than the one where the masses
are Ignorant.
To get my standpoint clearly before
Mrs. Stanton Blatoh, I will take a sup-
p osititious CAse: Suppose that from the
foundation of the German Government
the women had reigned supreme; that the
men were not allowed in the schools and
colleges the trades and professions; that I
they ha no rights of property, wages or
children, and no credit in the world of
work; that they could not make contracts,
nor sue or be sued - that, by oonstant
petitioning for centuries, they had wrung
a few civil rights from their oppressors
but that to all their prayers for political
equality the women turned a deaf ear.
Through all these years an untold num-
ber of ignorant foreign women had been
landing on their shores to become a part
of the governing power, while the men, of
whom a majority were a highly educated,
moral clsse, were mere pariahs, under this
ignorant foreign mass. These wise, patri-
otic men not only suffered the humiliation
of being under a foreign yoke, but they
saw dangers to their country by the
misgovernment of this Ignorant aris-
tocracy of sex, having absolute control in
making laws and constitutions, and In
adminis1trng every department of gov-
ernment.
Now what should we think of the com-
mon sense of these men, It, In the valley
of disfranchisement, they set sluging
pmans to universal womanhood sf.
frage, instead of blocking the way by
an educational qualification that would be
a real benefit to the voters, as well as to
the State, and Increase the chances of the
men to secure political equality? As
self-preservation Is the first law of na.
ture, they would say, we must stop this
inflowing tide of foreign women, a dead
weight anst us. Someof our native-born
women are in favor of our emancipation,
but the foreigners always vote against
Us.
As Mrs. Stanton Blatch kindly takes
me to Germany, and endows me with re-
markable powers, I will imagine myself a
member of the Relchatag, eloquently
urging the recognition of the best class
of men, whose Influence Is needed in gov-
ernment, the suppression of the foreign
vote for a season, and an educational
qualification for all, that of sex being the
most odious and unjust. Mrs. Stanton
Blatch, also a member, whose fetish is
universal womanhood suffrage, rises in
opposition. No, no, says she, I ob-
ject to all qualifications. Let the swelling
tide of immigration flow In, and crown
every woman as quickly as possible with
the dignity of self-sovereignty. But, I
reply they are a dead weightagaist
the admission of the best cala of men, a
new and much-needed element In govern-
ment. We must have the united thought
of man and woman for order and har-
mony.
Wliam Lloyd Garrison, not allowed
to be in the Reichstag on account
of sex, sits In the valley with his confrAres,
advising them to stand by the principle
of universal womanhood suffrge.
Let us abide our time, says he, if it
takes to the crack of doom to enfranchise
our sex., To sirengthen his position, he
quotes a few eloquentpassages from the
apeechex of Frederik Douglas and Wn.
dell PhilWips ome of the men inquired
if these gentlemen were in a similar p-
ition with themselves? He replied,
No. They belonged to the gverning
clas. What do the women in theUnited
States say, who, like us, aredisfran-
chised? Some of them ask to have the
suffrage restricted by propryand edu-
cation qualificatons, untl their political
rig re secured.
The large majority at once declared
themselves of the same opinion, anda nt
a petition to the Relchatag next day to
restrict woman sutrage, y severml qu&
fication-property, educatlon birthA
morality. Th peitin was I on the
table, and the men advised to remai in
their sphere, and to attend to their bad-
no affairand make money to support
their families, while the women adminis-
tered the government. Men, beingphysi-
cally superior, were betier fitted fo.h
croforhe
rough work Of l~i~fe whlew , in a
warm house and comfortabis cars,
made laWs for their proteton !
NUZABETE CAnM STANTO.
New York, Jis. 9, 1895
No. 1.
CONCERNIN WOMEN.
MRS. ELIZABETH CADY STANTON COn-
tributes to the WOMAN'S JOURNAL this
week another article In favor of an educa-
tional qualification for suffrage, in reply
to her daughter, Mrs. Stanton Batch.
Miss IDA LOCKWOOD, of Muncie, has
lately been commissioned deputy county
recorder in Delaware County, Ind. She
has been a clerk in the office for eleven
years, and is the first woman deputy in
that county.
Urts M. A. NUTTING, the assistant
superintendent of the Johns Hopkins
Hospital Training School for Nures, has
boet promoted to the post of superintend-
ent, vacated by Miss Isabel A. Hampton
on her marriage last summer.
MADAME SARAH GRAND takes a vivid
interest in the poor girls of London.
Every Thursday evening when she is in
town she attends Mrs. Frederic Harrison's
Girls' Guild at Newton Hall, and she
joins heartily in all their occupations.
She is a strong believer in athletics for
women, and hastaken especial pleasure in
helping to provide the girls with pretty
costumes for gymnastics.
MRs. SARAH ELIZBRTU SHERMAN, Of
Salado, is one of the most successful bee
keepers In Texas. She adopted bee cul-
ture in 1870, and has since sent to the
markets every year thousands of pounds
of honey. She attends to all her own
business, is regarded as authority upon
the science of bee-culture throughout the
United States, and was represented at the
World's Fair Exposition in Paris. Mrs.
Sherman Is a widow, with one son.
Miss SUSAN B. ANTHONY and MR&
CARRIE CHAPMAN-CATT will hold a series
of meetings in the South, in advance of
the coming National Woman Suffrage
Convention at Atlanta. They will visit
Lexington and Louisville, Ky., Memphis,
Tenn., New Orleans, La., Jackson, MISs.,
Birmingham. Ala., and other lties, in
each case by the invitation of the ladles
in that place. The tour of meetings will
begin with Lexington, Ky., on Jan. 9.
MRS. AMA BuCHANAN, superintendent
of W. C. T. U. Pole Matron work for
Indiana, expects to have a bill Introduced
in the next Legislature providing for
polle matrons in all cities of seven thou
sand or more Inhabitants. Mrs. Buchansa
has been police matron of Indianapoll,
for nearly four years, and her servies
have caused a change in sentiment regard-
ing the need of such an official. She is
hopeful of securing the passage of the
bill.
Miss LuCY WHEELOCK, who has charge
of the kindergarten work at Obaun0¥
Hall School, is taking the lead in a move-
ment to establish in thiscity a college
settlement composed of kindergartenL
teachers. If a suitable house can be found,
this new branch of work will be opened
on Rollins Street and affiliated with the
Andover House. The aim is twofold-to
give young kindergarteers experience,
and to bring the helpful Influennces of
Froebel's methods among the poor.
Miss NELLIE CUSHMAN, of Arina0n,
said to be the only woman mining expert
in the world, Is a Kansas girl, and began
her work in examining ore at TuoW
Arizona, nine years ago, when she waS
seventeen. She first became Interested Ins
the work through her brother, a mineral-
ogist, and her own quicknes soon Made
her an authority in the unusual line She
had adopted. The miners rely upon ha
advice, and since she has combined the
running of large iodglg-houses an.d
clothing stores with her other work, she
has made a large amount Of money.
When reverses come, she takes them with
the same composur she displays ingood
fortune. She is described as a tall, dark,
haired, dark-eyed girl, a rapid talker, and
a great reader.
11LN H. GARDENER, who wil be one
of the speakers at the coming annual
meeting of the Masachusett W. S. A.,
has rendered good service by ber pen to
various reforms, and espsally to soca
purity. In addition to her nomtorY
novels, Is this Your Son, My Lord?
and Fray You, Sir, Whose Daughter'
she Is the author of several ot hebooks,
inluding two volumes of sMin* t
stories. Herlatast nove,An Unoffil
I Patrit, has bm dramatisd by BOOMn
andwillsmoubeputeon thestage. She l
a Sfouthern woman by birth, ad inl * !
Unofficil Paro relate the hitory d
her own fathar. Her hund, a West
irgin, n, ha atl ecme um
Imanage of t a , in eseqsa
]whieb heusad his we hve tinup
]thair resiace in tis city.
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