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9 J. Ethnicity Crim. Just. 1 (2011)

handle is hein.journals/wecj9 and id is 1 raw text is: journal ofEthnicity in CriminalJustice, 9:1-21, 2011 Routledge Copyright 0 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Taylor& Francis Group ISSN: 1537-7938 print / 1537-7946 online DOI: 10.1080/15377938.2011.535457 The Influence of Incarceration on Children at the Intersection of Parental Gender and Race/Ethnicity: A Focus on Child Living Arrangements HOLLY FOSTER Department of Sociology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA Children of fathers are found to be more likely to live with their otherparent during incarceration than are children of mothers in a state sample. Although patterns are similarfor men across race and ethnicity, patterns differ among women: children of non-Hispanic White women are more likely to live with their other parent than are children of African American and Hispanic mothers. Among mothers, income levels explain racial and ethnic differences in the odds of living with the other parent during imprisonment. If race and ethnic disparities in income were reduced, disruption in child living arrangements during imprisonment may be minimized. KEYTERMS Parental incarceration, children's living arrange- ments, gender, race/ethnicity, intersectionality INTRODUCTION The intergenerational collateral consequences of mass incarceration or the rising rates of incarceration in the United States are now emerging for chil- dren (Hagan & Dinovitzer, 1999; Murray & Farrington, 2008; Travis & Waul, Received March 30, 2010; accepted July 30, 2010. Address correspondence to Holly Foster, Department of Sociology, Texas A&M Univer- sity, Mail Stop 4351, College Station, TX 77843. E-mail: hfoster@tamu.edu With gratitude I acknowledge the support for this research from the Race and Ethnic Studies Institute at Texas A&M University and permission from the Texas Department of Health and Human Services to analyze data gathered for the Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse. I appreciate the helpful comments of John Hagan, Mark Fossett, Janice Joseph, Joseph Jewell, and the anonymous reviewers of this research. A presentation based on this work was given at the Justice Statistics Research Association National Conference. The author and not those acknowledged is responsible for this work. 1

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