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71 UCLA L. Rev. Discourse 2 (2023-2024)

handle is hein.journals/ucladis71 and id is 1 raw text is: Executing Racial Justice
Ian M. Kysel & G. Alex Sinha
ABSTRACT
The United States has failed to eliminate racial discrimination in the decades since ratifying
the international human rights treaty that prohibits it. To its credit, the Biden administration
(Administration) has attempted to center the fight for racial equity in the work of the executive
branch. But President Biden's executive orders and agency action plans on racial justice omit any
reference to the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
(ICERD), even though the treaty imposes robust, binding duties and standards for the fight to end
pervasive racism. As President Biden enters the final months of his term, facing a legislature
hamstrung by partisan divide, the time is ripe for decisive executive action to implement the treaty.
Writing against a background of governmental and scholarly neglect of the duty to implement
even non-self-executing human rights treaties, this Essay proposes several novel strategies the
Administration could pursue. These include paying careful attention (and making formal reference)
to ICERD obligations in ongoing executive action on equity; updating existing executive branch
nondiscrimination frameworks to take the ICERD into account; and formally requiring agency
action, including rulemaking, to advance compliance with the ICERD. Such actions carry tangible
benefits, including driving dialogue about the extent of U.S. compliance with international law
and adding fodder to new agency and enforcement actions, particularly where the ICERD is more
protective than existing domestic precedent. Decisive executive action on racial justice that honors
U.S. treaty obligations would set an important precedent and leverage the utility of international
standards for remedying human rights violations in the United States.
AUTHOR
Ian M. Kysel is Assistant Clinical Professor of Law, Cornell Law School and Non-Resident Fellow,
Zolberg Institute on Migration and Mobility, New School for Social Research.
G. Alex Sinha is Associate Professor, Maurice A. Deane School of Law at Hofstra University. The
authors contributed equally to this essay and are listed in alphabetical order. We are grateful to
Gian Regina for excellent research assistance; to Jamil Dakwar, Allison Frankel, Anjana Malhotra,
Alison Parker, and jasmine Sankofa for dialogue that contributed to the development of this
essay; and to E. Tendayi Achiume and Martha F. Davis for thoughtful comments on earlier drafts.
Finally, we thank the editors of the UCLA Law Review Discourse, in particular David Ceasar and
Kitty Young, for contributions that sharpened our thinking during the review process. All errors
are our own.

71 UCLA L. REV. Disc. 2 (2023)

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