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5 Romanian Constr. L. Rev. [1] (2020)

handle is hein.journals/rncnlwre5 and id is 1 raw text is: 

                                          ROMANIAN CONSTRUCTION LAW REVIEW -
                                          No 5 - 2020




       Overview  of some  general risks regarding the off-plan acquisitions of buildings


                                                   Lawyer,  Lecturer Phd. Simona  Gutiu


    Abstract
    This  article aims to analyse some  of the risks associated with real estate purchase
agreements  concluded between the real estate developer and (prospective) purchasers in case
the development of the project is suspended or the project fails to be completed, either due to
the developer's fault or for reasons beyond the developer's control.
    Keywords:  preliminary agreement, developer, off-plan acquisition, legal risk, default


    1. Background
    In recent years, during the constant growing real estate market in Romania, the practice
of purchasing housing at the project stage or off-plan, as this type of real estate purchase is
called by real estate specialists, has become increasingly common.  Even   if this type of
purchase  offers a number  of advantages for the purchaser - from the advantageous  price
(which increases proportionally to the degree of completion of the project) to the possibility
of customising the living space in terms of partitioning, choice of finishes, etc. - purchasers
should also bear in mind the risks that may arise, from a legal point of view, when they intend
to purchase a dwelling at the project stage.
    Thus,  from the purchaser's perspective, the risks that may arise in case of an off-plan
property purchase  consist mainly in the late execution of the project, the non-compliant
execution of the project, respectively the suspension of the execution of the project, followed
in certain cases by the non-completion of the project or, in more extreme situations, even the
insolvency of the real estate developers. These risks are all the more dangerous if a potential
suspension of the project and/or its non-completion occur after the purchaser has paid the
developer a considerable advance payment  or even the full price of the property, without the
contract stipulating the rights and obligations of the parties in such a situation, respectively
how  can the purchaser recover the amounts paid to the developer in the absence of guarantees
established in favour thereof (e.g., mortgage, etc.).
    As  regards the deadline for completion of the project, it is well-known that in practice, in
most  cases, the developer fails to meet the deadline specified in the contract, for various
reasons, attributable or not to the developer.
    From  a legal point of view, the commercial relationship described above takes the form
of  either a sale agreement  subject to  the suspensive  condition of  completion  of the

'Lecturer, Law Faculty, ASE (Bucharest), partner at Schoenherr si Asociatii SCA, simona.chirica(ddrept.ase.ro

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