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4 Law & Hum. Behav. 1 (1980)

handle is hein.journals/lwhmbv4 and id is 1 raw text is: Law and Human Behavior, Vol. 4, Nos. 1/2, 1980 Parental Opposition to Deinstitutionalization A Challenge in Need of Attention and Resolution Robinsue Frohboese* and Bruce Dennis Salest Parental opposition to the deinstitutionalization of mentally retarded persons is a growing, organized phenomenon which has recently emerged as a nationwide challenge to the deinstitutionalization movement. It is a challenge, however, which has been virtually ignored by key actors in the movement, including planners and implementers of deinstitutionalization schemes, systemic and individual advocates, and researchers. In order to begin to address and appropriately resolve the challenges posed by this phenomenon, an examination of it was undertaken in Nebraska using a tripartite conceptual framework which (1) historically described the national and state social-legal context within which parental opposition has emerged; (2) identified the bases of the opposition; and (3) recommended how these concerns could be addressed and appropriately resolved by offering directions for future research and policy analysis based upon applicable psychological theories and studies, and legal decisions and principles. INTRODUCTION During the past decade, there has been a massive movement of institutionalized mentally retarded persons back to their natural communities and homes (Butterfield, 1976). Momentum for this deinstitutionalization, as the movement has been labeled, initially emanated in large part from parental advocates who, with the assistance and support of professionals, influenced federal and state legislative and administrative policies to initiate this large-scale social change. Subsequently, parents resorted to the courts and successfully secured a more permanent and forceful change agent to spur the movement. In its 1976 report to the President, the President's Committee on Mental Retar- dation (PCMR) stated that deinstitutionalization *American Association for the Advancement of Science-American Psychological Association Congres- sional Science fellow, Washington, D.C. tDepartment of Psychology and College of Law, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. 0147-7307/80/0600-0001503.00/0 © 1980 Plenum Publishing Corporation

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