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57 UIC L. Rev. 1 (2023-2024)

handle is hein.journals/jmlr57 and id is 1 raw text is: EXPERT TESTIMONY REGARDING TYPICAL OR COUNTERINTUITIVE ADULT SEXUAL ASSAULT BEHAVIOR: A REVIEW BRANDON T. HUNLEY, WILLIAM O'DONOHUE, AND MONICA K. MILLER* Sexual assault is difficult to prosecute, partly because the evidence often relies heavily on testimony from the survivor, who is frequently the only witness. Prosecutors and defense attorneys can call upon experts to testify on typical pre-assaultive, post-assaultive, and concomitant survivor behavior. Some argue that this expert testimony is necessary to dispel rape myths related to counterintuitive survivor behavior, such as not fighting back or not reporting to the police immediately. In this article, we review relevant decision science to identify and thus avoid heuristic errors regarding possible correlations between an indicator and sexual assault status. We then analyze the rape myth literature and summarize the behavioral science literature relating to sexual assault survivors to gain an accurate scientific understanding of typical survivor behavior. We conclude that: 1) there is no good evidence that rape myths are commonly held; 2) the current state of the scientific literature regarding typical survivor behavior often does not meet the Daubert Standard of admissibility; and 3) expert testimony regarding typical survivor behavior can be both based on and lead jurors to make heuristic errors. I. IN T R O D U CT IO N ...................................................................................................2 II. B A CK G R O U N D .....................................................................................................3 A. Rape Myths and Counterintuitive Survivor Behavior ......... 3 B . D aub ert Stan d ard ................................................................................4 C . L eg al R ev iew ..........................................................................................4 D . A p p ro a ch .................................................................................................7 E. The Relevance of Decision Science to Expert Testimony in Sexual Assault........................................................................................8 III. LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................ 12 A. Juror Pool Rape Myth Acceptance Prevalence Rates......133 B. Survivor Behavior Prevalence, 1: PTSD in Sexual Assault Survivors ............................................................................................155 C. Known Survivor Behavior, 2: Associating with the Alleged Perpetrator Post-Assault.............................................................188 D. Known Survivor Behavior Prevalence, 3: Memory Gaps or Fragm entation.............................................................................. 23 * Brandon Hunley and William O'Donohue, Ph.D, Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno; Monica Miller, Department of Criminal Justice and Interdisciplinary Social Psychology PhD Program, University of Nevada, Reno. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to either Brandon Hunley, Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno MS 236. Email bhunley@nevada.unr.edu. , William O'Donohue, Ph.D. Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, MS 298. Email: wto@unr.edu. or Monica K. Miller, J.D., Ph.D., Foundation Professor. Mailstop 1300, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno NV 89557, United States. Email: mkmiller@unr.edu. 1

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