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3 J. on Migration & Hum. Sec. 1 (2015)

handle is hein.journals/jmighs3 and id is 1 raw text is: 

       Journal on Migration
       and Human Security


California Dreaming: The New

Dynamism in Immigration

Federalism and Opportunities

for Inclusion on a Variegated

Landscape1


Roberto Suro
University of Southern California

   Executive Summary
   Interactions between local, state and federal governments as regards
   immigration policies began to undergo a dramatic change with the passage
   of Proposition 187 in California in 1994. Seemingly settled issues over the
   relative prerogatives of different levels of government and even different
   branches of government have since been the subject of frequent contention
   in many venues and in many domains of immigration policy. During this
   period, especially in the last decade, a new dynamism has developed in
   immigration federalism that is evident in both policymaking processes and
   policy outcomes.

   In policy processes, this dynamism is characterized by an increasingly broad
   distribution ofpowers and responsibilities across all levels of government. As
   a result, an ever-broader array of actors has gained a say over immigration
   policies. These include not only elected office holders and government
   officials but also advocates and activists from many sectors of civil society
   including immigrant communities themselves. Finally, the different levels
   of government and policy actors do not operate in isolation but rather
   in vigorous interaction across multiple levels of government and among
   advocates of different sorts both in the formulation and implementation of
   policy. This new dynamism is reflected in recent scholarship that describes
   models of federalism based on discourse, intermediation and collaboration
   among governments rather than resting primarily on the longstanding
   constitutional arguments over the balance of power between the states and
   the federal government.

   The policy outcomes produced by this new dynamism are marked by highly
   divergent and varied results. The federal government devolved some powers
   over welfare and policing policies regardingimmigrants, but implementation

1 This study was made possible through the support of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation.

         © 2015 by the Center for Migration Studies of New York. All rights reserved.


JMHS Volume 3 Number 1 (2015): 1-25

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