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44 J.L. & Soc'y 1 (2013)

handle is hein.journals/jlsup44 and id is 1 raw text is: Journal of Law and Society Law College Vol. 44, No. 63 University of Peshawar January, 2013 HOW PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION THEORY AND PRACTICE HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO TOTALITARIAN TENDENCIES? Zia Obaid*, Amir Hussain**, Mehnaz Gul***, Abdul Qayum Khan****' Introduction In his recent book on American Democracy, Sheldon Wolin analyzed contemporary American democracy from multiple aspects [ CITATION WolO8 \l 1033 ]. The theoretical perspective posited by Wolin gives plausible cause and effect relationships relating to various aspects of American society, politics and economics. For the purpose of building the argument, the point of departure will be the simplification of the framework: the analysis of American Democracy carried out from internal and external perspectives. By internal perspective I mean that the characteristics of American Democracy are analyzed by scrutinizing the society, institutions, power sources and power structures. This is done by studying the historical development and seasoning of American Democracy through history and what made it different from various other types i.e. by studying the government actions of various epochs and the reaction of people to those actions is used to elucidate the changes occurring in the society, institutions and power structures. Extending his arguments further, Wolin argued that the subtle changes brought into the Democratic patterns within the country and the huge military complex created by the American government gave rise to the hegemonic ambition of the government to become a superpower. He thus posited that this ambition brought changes in the policies pursued by the American government abroad. The discussion starts with the description of characteristics of the American society where the major power elites are discussed. According 1* Assistant Professor, Institute of Management Studies, University of Peshawar **Lecturer, Institute of Management Studies, University of Peshawar Lecturer, College of Home Economic, University of Peshawar * Dean, Faculty of Management and Information, University of Peshawar 1

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