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19 J. Hist. Int'l L. 1 (2017)

handle is hein.journals/jhintl19 and id is 1 raw text is: JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF ' INTERNATIONAL LAW 19 (2017) 1-49 JH IL BRILL NIJHOFF brill.com/jhil The Forgotten Genocide in Colonial America: Reexamining the 1622 Jamestown Massacre within the Framework of the UN Genocide Convention John T Bennett Attorney, Fayetteville, NC, United States Abstract In 1622, in Jamestown, Virginia, Powhatan warriors launched a surprise attack against English settlements. In terms of the percentage of a group or tribe killed in a single massacre, the 1622 attack was the deadliest attack committed by either side - Native Americans or English settlers - in early American history. The Powhatan attempted to wipe out every English person, combatant or non-combatant. They killed at least one-quarter of the English in the Jamestown region. Historians label this event a 'massacre' or 'uprising', which are inaccurate analytical labels. Scholars have not ana- lysed the 1622 attack within the appropriate framework of genocide. To remedy that omission, this article reexamines the attack within the UN Genocide Convention framework. The Convention provides methodological, empirical, and normative benefits for understanding past conflict. In planning and executing the attack, the Powhatan had the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, the English colonists as such. Keywords genocide - history - race - ideology - native American Introduction On 22 March 1622, the Powhatan tribe nearly succeeded in killing every English settler in the Jamestown region of Virginia. On that day, Powhatan warriors launched a surprise attack, slaughtering 347 men, women, and children, * John Bennett is a combat veteran and practicing attorney. He holds a Master's degree in Social Science Research from the University of Chicago and a law degree from Emory University. © KONINKLIJKE BRILL NV, LEIDEN, 2016 DOI 10.1163/15718050-12340077

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