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3 J. Experimental Criminology 1 (2007)

handle is hein.journals/jexpcrm3 and id is 1 raw text is: J Exp Criminol (2007) 3:1-20 DOI 10.1007/si1292-007-9026-0 The null hypothesis is not called that for nothing: statistical tests in randomized trials Robert Boruch Published online: 20 February 2007 O Springer Science + Business Media B.V 2007 Abstract This article aims to update readers on different ways to arrange one's thinking about conventional null hypotheses in randomized trials. It covers basic criticism of conventional hypotheses and, beyond this, covers relevant developments in methodological, organizational, and science policy arenas. This article includes coverage of new ways to frame null hypotheses, new technical resources, standards for registering trials and reporting on them, cumulating results, common mistakes, and post-trial analysis of null results. The paper includes ideas for research and development on each topic. Key words hypothesis - null results - reporting - standards of evidence. statistical power Introduction Since the nineteenth century, thousands of pages, perhaps many more by orders of magnitude, have referred to statistical tests in books, academic journal articles, government and organizational reports, and throat clearing essays. In the 1880s, for instance, Francis Ysidro Edgeworth configured one ingenious form of statistical test of a null hypothesis based on a particular empirical outcome judged relative to the range of possible outcomes, the range of outcomes being a benchmark. Earlier benchmarks lie in England's assessments of the trustworthiness of coinage for the Royal Mint. The critical issue, for some scientists and government people at the time, was whether this batch of coins should be rejected on statistical grounds R. Boruch (E) Center for Research and Evaluation in Social Policy (CRESP) and The Campbell Collaboration (C2), University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Education, 3700 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6216, USA e-mail: robertb@gse.upenn.edu e Springer

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