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19 Int'l J. Police Sci. & Mgmt. 3 (2017)

handle is hein.journals/injposcim19 and id is 1 raw text is: Police Science Article & Management Training to curb police corruption in developing countries: A suggested framework International journal of Police Science & Management 2017, Vol. 19(1) 3-10 @ The Author(s) 2016 Reprints and permission: sagepub.co.ukl/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1461355716674371 journals.sagepub.com/home/psm OSAGE Kempe Ronald Hope Sr Development Practice International, Oakville, Ontario, Canada Abstract Most of the anti-corruption training that currently exists for the police in developing countries lacks an appropriate focus and is not provided in the manner of a coherent concentration. It tends to be delivered primarily in the form of police orientation to existing anti-corruption laws, or other criminal laws in general. It also does not provide a thorough understanding of the phenomenon of corruption and how it looks within policing practice in the society, nor does it impart even basic knowledge and skills on how to adhere to professional standards and avoid the temptation of accepting gifts, favors or gratuities, or engaging in other corrupt acts. The purpose of this work is to set out one suggested model of a basic training framework and approach for curbing police corruption in developing countries pursuing democratic policing. It outlines learning goals and training objectives, proposes a training approach model, suggests training content and coverage, and indicates the expected outcomes from the training approach and process. The article draws on the author's fieldwork experience in police anti-corruption and ethics training, and assessments of best practices in training to improve police integrity and ethical behavior in developing countries. It advocates for the application of problem-based learning as the most appropriate and successful training approach method to curb police corruption in developing countries. Keywords Training, police corruption, learning goals, training approach model, training content and coverage Submitted 19 Jun 2016, Revise received 07 Sep 2016, accepted 25 Sep 2016 Introduction Police corruption is any action or omission, a promise of any action or omission, or any attempt of action or omission committed by a police officer or a group of police officers, characterized by the police officer's misuse of the official position and motivated in significant part by the achieve- ment of personal/private or organizational gain or advan- tage (Hope, 2016). In most developing countries, police corruption is rampant and police reforms to tackle this corruption have become an imperative (Hope, 2016; Williams, 2002). Given the belief in the value of ethics training, then the apparent lack of it both in initial police training and in the workplace setting suggests that there is cause for concern and the possible need for additional research and action (Meine and Dunn, 2012: 1072). Among the tools either being advocated or currently being implemented is police anti-corruption training (PACT), sometimes referred to as ethics or integrity training. Drawing on the author's fieldwork experience in police anti-corruption and ethics training, and assessments of best practices in training to improve police integrity and ethical behavior in developing countries, this work sets out a basic training framework and conceptual approach as one avenue to a PACT model for developing countries pursuing the quest for democratic policing. It outlines learning goals and Corresponding author: Kempe Ronald Hope Sr, Development Practice International, PO Box 30002, Oakville, Ontario L6H 7L8, Canada. Email: hopekr@dpiintl.ca

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