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69 Z. Rechtsmedizin 1 (1971)

handle is hein.journals/injlegame69 and id is 1 raw text is: Z. Rechtsmedizin 69, 1-25 (1971) © by Springer-Verlag 1971 tlbersichtsreferat - Review Article Zur Kenntnis des Badetodes W. KRAULAND Institut fur gerichtliche und soziale Medizin der Freien Universitat Berlin Eingegangen am 19. Februar 1971 Death While Bathing Summary. In the course of 15 years, 463 corpses from the water were examined. Of these 42 cases (9.1%) occurred during bathing or swimming and were grouped under death while bathing these. Among 19 were non-swimmers and 23 were swimmers. Interest was centered mainly around the latter. Of these, 11 had a blood alcohol concentration of 2.3-3.1°/00, one had 1.1 and one 1.5°/00. The average age of group A (swimmers not under the influence of alcohol) was 25 years, that of group B (swimmers under the influence of alcohol) was 35. The total number of women was 8 (approx. 22%). The circumstances and the results of anatomical examinations and laboratory findings were studied for those cases which could be strictly defined as death while bathing. In contrast to general assumptions, the swimmer in the case of death while bathing does not always sink without resistance. As with other causes of death, both sudden and protracted collapse of the circulation can be expected with cases of death while bathing. In the case of the 10 bathing deaths listed in group A, examinations revealed pathological lesions almost without exception. In certain cases, slight chronic congestion of the large intestinal glands suggested cardiac circulatory disorders. One case of multiple sclerosis was recorded as well as one case of endocarditis, two cases of early-stage myocarditis, one case of bronchial asthma and one case of tympanic membrane puncture after otitis media. In the cases of death while bathing listed under group B, only one case of pronounced atheromatosis of the coronaries was recorded. However, generally mild evidenoe of chronic circulatory disorders were established in these cases. The sudden collapse of circulation in cases of death while bathing can probably be deter- mined by biochemical analysis as recommended by Berg. However insufficient experience has been gathered to permit final conclusions. Insurance questions are discussed. Death while bathing in the case of swimmers in calm water normally results from internal causes. As also applies to other cases of sudden death by natural causes, uniform pathogenesis cannot be established. If reflex disorders are assumed from the beginning with insurance cases, it is to be feared that no further examinations to establish internal causes will be carried out. High concentrations of alcohol in the blood in cases of death while bathing point towards disturbances in consciousness in the sense of section 3, para. 4 of the General Accident Insurance Terms (AUB). Zusammenfassung. Im Verlaufe von 15 Jahren wurden 463 Leichen aus dem Wasser untersucht, darunter waren 42 Falle (9,1%) beim Baden and Schwimmen, die als ,,Badetod (=Wasserschlag =Wassersynkope= Hydrokution) einzustufen waren. Unter den Badetodes- fillen waren 19 Nichtschwimmer und 23 Schwimmer. Den letzteren galt das Hauptinteresse; von diesen hatten 11 zwischen 2,3 and 3,1°/0o Alkohol im Blut, je einer 1,1 und 1,5°/00. Das durchschnittliche Lebensalter der Gruppe A (Schwimmer ohne Alkohol) betrug 25 Jahre, der Gruppe B (Schwimmer mit Alkohol) 35 Jahre. Insgesamt waren 8 Frauen (rd. 22%) darunter. Von den Badetodesfillen im engeren Sinne wurden die Umstande und die Ergebnisse der anatomischen Untersuchung und die Laborbefunde iberprnft. Entgegen der allgemeinen Auffassung erfolgt das Untersinken beim Badetod der Schwim- mer nicht immer ohne jede Gegenwehr. Wie auch sonst, ist auch beim Badetod mit einem 1 Z. Rechtsmedizin 69

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