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8 Homicide Stud. 3 (2004)

handle is hein.journals/homcst8 and id is 1 raw text is: Guest Editor's Introduction-Part 2 This issue is the second of two issues of Homicide Studies that devote special attention toward the study of regional variations in homicide rates. Region and culture remain at the core of homicide research, yet evidence of cultural influences on violence has been highly debated. The theme of the volumes is, What is missing in the study of region, culture, and homicide? In this volume, two articles address this important theme, with each article offering its own unique position. Lee and Bartkowski advocate that civil engagement is missing from much of the homicide literature, and they propose that par- ticipation in civic institutions is one way to reveal community- level social capital and social-control dynamics. They argue that communities differ in levels of civic participation, reflecting com- munity-wide cultural orientation, investment in social capital, and presence of informal and formal social control, which will affect homicide rates. Acknowledging that participation in com- munity-based institutions differs by age and region, they exam- ine two types of participation (secular and religious) on age-spe- cific homicide rates. They find that faith-based civic engagement lowers both the adult and the juvenile homicide rates and that secular forms of civic participation reduced adult homicide. Simi- lar to the article by Ellison, Burr, and McCall that appeared in the previous issue, the impact of region on homicide declines consid- erably when the level or the type of religious and secular partici- pation is accounted for. Overall, Lee and Bartkowski's research highlights the lack of attention toward civic participation in much of the macrolevel homicide research, as well as introduces age differences into the regional study of violence. Using National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) data, Chilton attempts to explore whether the code of honor as described by Elijah Anderson is a potential indicator of murder, assault, and robbery, primarily in South Carolina and Iowa. Chilton's research HOMICIDE STUDIES, Vol. 8 No. 1, February 2004 3-4 DOI: 10.1177/1088767903259528 @ 2004 Sage Publications 3

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