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28 Sec. & Hum. Rts. 1 (2017)

handle is hein.journals/helsnk28 and id is 1 raw text is: SECURITY AND HUMAN RIGHTS 28 (2017) 123 SECURITY AND BRILL HUMAN RIGHTS NIJHOFF brill.com/shrs The Application of the OSCE Commitments Relating to Migration and Integration in Italy Chiara Favili Associate Professor at UniversitA degli Studi di Firenze, Italy chiarafavilli@unifi.it Abstract The OSCE commitments agreed during several meetings held in the past years address economic, political and social aspects of migration. As far as Italy, while the national legal framework is almost in line with international standards, the adoption of prac- tical measures, their implementation and the promotion of projects prove difficult. Moreover, the increased exposure that Italy faces as a country lying on the external maritime border of the European Union makes it more difficult to manage migration flows via the sea. Keywords migration - asylum - integration - OSCE Commitments - Italy I Introduction Italy has been experiencing great difficulties in managing migration and asy- lum flows. The structural weaknesses of Italian migration policy are under- lined by the undeniable complexity of managing migration flows via the sea and by the increased exposure that Italy faces as a country lying on the exter- nal maritime border of the European Union (Eu). The existence of an area of free movement within the Union, in fact, means that landing on the Italian coast affords easy entry into, and then across, the entire EU.1 i Since 2015 a rising number of migrants, mostly refugees, began arriving to Europe, triggering the so-called 'EU migrants' crisis. The estimated figure of migrants who have arrived to Italy in 2015 is 153,842, in 2o16 is 181,436 and in 2017 is 119.369. Cruscotto statistico, www.intemo.gov.it, ( NHC, 2019 1 DOI 10.1163/18750230-02801007

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