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23 J. Health Care L. & Pol'y 1 (2020-2021)

handle is hein.journals/hclwpo23 and id is 1 raw text is: COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS AND BEHAVIORAL HEALTH CARE RICHARD C. BOLDT* & ELEANOR T. CHUNG** INTRODUCTION Community health workers are community members trained to facilitate interactions between the health care system, individual patients, and the communities in which they are situated.1 The health care system is comprised of many components, including primary care professionals, clinical specialists, emergency departments, hospitals and other inpatient facilities, outpatient clinics, administrators, ancillary care providers and others, whose efforts collectively help to determine the health of individuals and of the population as a whole.2 In the case of low-income communities and communities that include a significant number of persons from marginalized groups, frequently there are inadequate health care resources, including behavioral health care services, available to meet the needs of individuals and their families.3 In addition, various elements of the health care system are not effectively linked to the patients in these communities who most need their services.4 The community health worker model is designed to ameliorate the problem of limited resources and inadequate service provider penetration by building a matrix of productive relationships.5 © 2020 Richard C. Boldt, Eleanor T. Chung. *T. Carroll Brown Professor of Law, University of Maryland Carey School of Law. The authors thank Leslie Meltzer Henry and Susan McCarty for their invaluable assistance with this article. **Associate Attorney at Brown and Barron, LLC, in Baltimore, Maryland. 1. See Shreya Kangovi et al., From Rhetoric to Reality - Community Health Workers in Post- Reform US. Health Care, 372 NEW ENG. J. MED. 2277 (2015) (discussing the role community health workers play in bridging the gap between health care providers and patients). 2. See Community Health Worker Toolkit, BEHAVIORAL HEALTH LEADERSHIP INST. 1, 4-5 (2016), https://health.maryland.gov/mchrc/Documents/ONE-Toolkit-from-Behavioral-Health-Leadership- Institute.pdf (explaining the various components and roles at play within the healthcare system). 3. Achieving Health Equity in the United States, AM. PUB. HEALTH ASS'N (Nov. 13, 2018), https://www.apha.org/policies-and-advocacy/public-health-policy-statements/policy- database/2019/01/29/achieving-health-equity. 4. Id. 5. See E. Lee Rosenthal et al., Community Health Workers: Part of the Solution, 29 HEALTH AFF. 1338, 1338 (2010) (providing an account of how CHws build a bridge between health care providers and patients). I

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