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72 Genus 1 (2016)

handle is hein.journals/genus72 and id is 1 raw text is: Barbiano di Belgiojoso Genus (2016) 72:1 DOI 10.1186/s41118-016-0006-y Genus S G A A R Een - CrossMark Intentions on desired length of stay among - immigrants in Italy Elisa Barbiano di Belgiojoso Correspondence: elisa.barbiano@ unimib.it Dpartimento di Statstica e Metodi Quanttatv, Unvers t degl Stud di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy 4I Springer Open Abstract The decision to emigrate from the country of origin may not be a permanent one: migrants can decide to return home or to emigrate to a third country. This phenomenon, established for some time in certain other European countries, has become an important one for Italy only recently. This paper contributes to the knowledge of migrants' intentions in two ways: on the one hand, it analyses the factors associated with indecision about future plans; on the other, it focuses on the desired length of stay and its relationship with attachments (family, economic, socio-cultural and psychological) to host and home country. We used two logistic regression models: one for migrants' indecision and the other for migrants' desired length of stay. The data were collected by survey, coordinated by the ISMU Foundation and conducted in 2008 and 2009 with more than 12,000 migrants living in Italy. According to our results, indecision seems to be associated with an intermediate phase of migration at the early stage of family development in the case of negative balance of the migration experience, while attachment to the host country is associated with longer stay, and no attachments or attachment to the country of origin are associated with shorter stay. Keywords: Migration intention, Remigration, Settlement, Length of stay, Italy Background The strength of migration pressure experienced by the major receiving countries in the last few years of a major economic crisis caused by an increase in unemployment has rekindled an academic debate about the emigration of immigrants, hereafter referred to as remigration. While for a long time the decision to emigrate from the country of origin was generally regarded as permanent, numerous studies have shown that such decisions were, and still are, reversible ones (see, for example, Da Vanzo 1976, 1983; King 1978; Borjas and Brats- berg 1996; Dustmann 2003a; Dustmann and Weiss 2007; Carling and Erdal 2014). Recently, complex migration trajectories have been identified indicating that remigration itself is also reversible (Carling and Erdal 2014). A migrant has three options: stay in the host country, return to his/her country of birth (return migration) or move on to a third country (secondary or onward migration).1 Depending on the available information, the literature has frequently compared and con- trasted, two-by-two, these options and the characteristics of migrants who are returnees © 2016 The Author(s). Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http//creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if chanaes were made.

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