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1 Eur. J. Criminology 5 (2004)

handle is hein.journals/eujcrim1 and id is 1 raw text is: Volume 1 (1): 5-15: 1477-3708 E DOI: 10.1177/1477370804038705 urOpean Copyright Q 2004 SAGE Publications London, Thousand Oaks CA, and New Delhi ii www.sagepublications.com Editorial Criminology and the Wider Europe David J. Smith Centre for Law and Society, University of Edinburgb, UK Why launch a new criminology journal in January 2004? From the intensity of discussion at the first two annual conferences of the European Society of Criminology in Lausanne and then Toledo there is a sense that criminology in Europe is reaching a tipping point, and that once this point is reached there will be rapid growth. The purpose of this journal is to support and stimulate that growth by providing a forum for research and scholarship on crime and criminal justice institutions. A number of forces are driving the development of criminology in Europe. The most obvious one is the rising profile of crime control, criminal justice and security in European politics. In many European countries, the politics surrounding crime control and criminal justice were largely consensual for much of the period since the Second World War, but this is changing. The politicization of crime and punishment combines with a successful effort by far right parties to define migration and asylum seekers as a focal political issue. The link between crime and immigration in European politics is that some migrant groups, such as Albanians in Greece, tend to be criminalized. Moreover, the same police are responsible for controlling both crime and illegal immigration, so that checks on the status of migrants can also be used to target potential criminals. At a deeper level, of course, migrants represent the 'other' against which longstanding respectable citizens define themselves, and tend to merge in the collective consciousness with the criminal 'other'. In this respect, Britain is the paradigmatic case. In the Britain of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, both crime and immigration (always bracketed with 'race relations') stood largely outside the competition between polit- ical parties, which tended to avoid bidding up the punitiveness of the criminal justice system. At the same time, the parties cooperated with each other to introduce more and more stringent controls against immigration

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