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4 Crim. L.F. 1 (1993)

handle is hein.journals/crimlfm4 and id is 1 raw text is: Vol. 4 No. 1 (1993)                                  1

The Fortuity of Consequence*
James J Gobert*
C onsider the following hypotheticals:
In unrelated incidents, A, B, C, and D each knocks a stranger on
the head. Each plans to rob his victim and strikes a blow
calculated to render the victim unconscious. The blows are of
roughly comparable force and accomplish the desired objective.
None of the defendants has any justification or excuse for his
actions.
A's victim has the proverbial eggshell skull and dies
before assistance can be provided. B's victim is of sturdier stock
and survives, suffering only a mild headache. A doctor happens
upon C's victim. Unfortunately, the doctor misjudges the
seriousness of the injuries, and her attempt to perform
emergency surgery is unsuccessful, with the result that the victim
© 1993 James J. Gobert.
Professor of Law, University of Essex, Colchester, England; B.A., Cornell
University 1967; J.D., Duke University 1970. I would like to thank my colleagues Janet
Dine, Sheldon Leader, Nigel Rodley, Peter Stone, Bob Watt, and Carolyn Yates for their
helpful comments on drafts of this article. Andrew Ashworth of King's College, London,
was kind enough to talk through with me some of the points of the analysis that were
most troubling to me personally. Another patient (not to mention entertaining) listener
was Bernard Brown, of the University of Auckland in New Zealand, who also enlightened
me in respect to the New Zealand debate on these issues. If despite this support, fault
remains in the analysis, the responsibility is mine.

Vol. 4 No. 1 (1993)

I

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