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3 Crim. L.F. 1 (1991-1992)

handle is hein.journals/crimlfm3 and id is 1 raw text is: Autumn 1991 Pursuing Justice, Respecting the Law* Philip B. Heymann** and Ian Heath Gershengorn*** INTRODUCTION T he 1970s and 1980s saw a rapid rise in terrorist attacks across the globe. Increasingly, the targets of these attacks were U.S. nationals abroad. In addition to the general rise in terrorism, there were a number of high profile attacks against U.S. citizens in the 1980s that put particular pressure on Con- gress and President Ronald Reagan to act. In October 1983, a truck filled with explosives was driven into Marine barracks in Lebanon, killing over two hundred fifty U.S. Marines. In June 1985, a Royal Jordanian airliner with several U.S. nationals aboard was hijacked and eventually destroyed (after the passengers had been released). The same month, a TWA jet with forty U.S. nationals aboard was hijacked. In the course of the ordeal, Navy petty officer Robert Dean Stethem was dramatically and viciously mur- dered. And in October 1985, the Achille Lauro, an Italian cruise ship, was hijacked by members of the Palestine Liberation Front. The hijackers wan- tonly murdered Leon Klinghoffer, a wheelchair-bound U.S. tourist. These actions all received major news coverage, encouraging Congress and the President to respond. * This is a revised version of a paper presented at an international workshop on Principles and Procedures for a New Transnational Criminal Law, organized jointly by the Society for the Reform of Criminal Law and the Max Planck Insti- tute for Foreign and International Criminal Law, Freiburg, Germany, May 21- 25, 1991. ** James Barr Ames Professor of Law, Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Massachu- setts, U.S.A. *** Class of 1993, Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. 1

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