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18 Comp. Pol. Stud. 3 (1985-1986)

handle is hein.journals/compls18 and id is 1 raw text is: This article argues that the nation-building process in the post-World War II era often results in changes in the definitions of adolescence and in the status of youth. This happens because both nation building and economic development have become the responsibilities of modern states. Using the work of John Meyer and his students (1978, 1979), 1 argue that these state-sponsored activities are guided by institutional recipes for development that are embodied in world system ideology. A key component of this ideology is the idea that rational action results from the activities of appropriately socialized individuals. As a result, harnessing the motivation of individuals to collective goals becomes a central concern of modern states. Efforts to do so have produced a number of institutional forms that have diffused rapidly throughout the periphery, for example, educational expansion. The adoption of other institutional devices to link individuals to the state depends on the internal characteristics of national societies. We focus on one such process and develop an index to measure it: the political incorporation of youth in the state. YOUTH AND THE STATE A Cross-National Analysis of the Changing Status of Adolescence DAVID H. KAMENS Northern Illinois University L ike childhood, adolescence as a stage in the life cycle has become LAsharply differentiated from adulthood. Psychological theories, popular conceptions of the adolescent, and a variety of institutional rules (e.g.,juvenile law) all distinguish adolescence from other periods in the life cycle and allocate special, distinctive features to it. Much of psychological theory, for example, emphasizes the pathology of ado- lescence as a state of life and views these traits as natural by-products of the inevitable stresses of this age period (Skolnick, 1975). AUTHOR'S NOTE: Many of the ideas developed in this article are derivedfrom the work of John Meyer and his colleagues, notably: John Boli-Bennet, Chris Chase-Dunn, Francisco Ramirez, Richard Rubinson, and Jane Weiss. Iam deeply in their debt for help COMPARATIVE POLITICAL STUDIES, Vol. 18 No. 1, April 1985 3-36 @ 1985 Sage Publications, Inc. 3 from the SAGE Social Science Collections. All Rights Reserved.

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