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9 Crime & Delinquency 1 (1963)

handle is hein.journals/cadq9 and id is 1 raw text is: CRIME and DELINQUENCY NATIONAL COUNCIL ON CRIME AND DELINQUENCY Volume 9 January 1963 Number 1 Alcohol, Alcoholism, and Crime* SELDEN D. BACON Director, Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University Director, Center of Alcohol Studies, Yale University, 1949-62 B.A., 1931, M.A., 1935, Ph.D. (Sociology), 1939, Yale University This article is concerned with the overlapping of two phe- nomena, each of which can occur independently of the other. The first is deviation from the specific social custom of drinking. The second, crime, refers to a class of deviations from many different customs of a society-deviations possessing one unique attribute in common, that of eliciting purposeful, negative sanc- tions by the government. General knowledge about deviation from custom and about the impact of alcohol upon human behavior must be combined with an understanding of each of these two categories of deviance in order to assess the overlap. N 0 SINGLE pattern of consump- tion of alcoholic beverages con- stitutes the norm for American so- ciety. Rather, there is a wide variety of expected and accepted patterns of drinking behavior. These can be de- * Adapted from a paper presented at the Conference on Alcohol, Alcoholism and Crime, held in Chatham, Mass., June 6-8, 1962. 1 scribed in terms of the person drink- ing, the type of beverage to be used, the frequency and quantity of its use, the person's drinking companions, the circumstances surrounding his drink- ing, and the explanation given for it. These behavior patterns can also be differentiated according to the drink- ing custom itself: how much impor- tance is attached to it, its relation-

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