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58 Crime & Delinquency 3 (2012)

handle is hein.journals/cadq58 and id is 1 raw text is: Article Crime & Delinquency 58(1) 3-27 Differential Deterrence: @TheAuthor(s) 2012 Reprints and permission: Studying Heterogeneity DOI: 10. 1177/0011128709345971 and Changes in http://cad sagepub cam Perceptual Deterrence OSAGE Among SeriousYouthful Offenders Thomas A. LoughranAs Alex R. Piquero2, Jeffrey Fagan', and Edward R Mulveyp Abstract Perceptual deterrence has been an enduring focus of interest in criminology. Although recent research has generated important new insights about how risks, costs, and rewards of offending are perceived and internalized, there remain two specific limitations to advancing theories of deterrence: (a) the lack of panel data to show whether issues of changes in perceptions over age and time are linked to changes in offending and (b) the lack of research on perceptual deterrence of active offenders, arguably the most policy-relevant group for these studies. Using longitudinal data on offending and perceptions of risks and punishment costs for a large sample of serious youthful offenders, the authors identify significant heterogeneity in sanction threat perceptions generally and across different types of offenders.These differences in perception reflect variation among offenders in the amount of prior information on offending on which individuals may be basing their perceptions. There likely exists a potential ceiling and floor of 'University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA 2Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA 3Columbia University, NewYork, NY, USA hniversity of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Corresponding Author: Thomas A. Loughran, University of South Florida, Department of Criminology, 4202 East Fowler Ave, SOC326,Tampa, FL 33620-7200. Email: tloughr@bcs.usf.edu

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