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44 Crime & Delinquency 5 (1998)

handle is hein.journals/cadq44 and id is 1 raw text is: The Evolution of an American Institution Barry Krisberg The National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) proudly celebrates its 90th year in service to the nation. Few voluntary groups have lasted this long. But more than its longevity, the NCCD takes pride in its nine decades of commitment to improving the quality ofjustice and to making our communities safer. Throughout the years, the NCCD has changed both in terms of the composition of its membership and the methods through which it has sought to advance its values, but the vision and the guiding star have always involved the following principles: * the critical importance of a separate court system for children, * the importance of community-based alternatives to incarceration to promote public safety and rehabilitate offenders, * the crucial link between the pursuit of social justice and the achievement of domestic tranquility. The 14 probation officers who met in Plymouth Church in Minneapolis on June 17, 1907, probably did not know that they were creating an American institution. These early reformers sought to form a professional association, share information, and advocate for progressive justice system reforms. Within a decade, the fledgling National Probation Association (NPA) assisted Virginia in drafting its first probation law and persuaded Congress to create the United States Probation and Parole Service. Other early achievements included helping the U.S. Children's Bureau publish the nation's first stan- dards for the juvenile court. Indeed, the NPA wrote several model legislative codes that were broadly enacted across the country. Concern for children being held in jails and the inadequacies of juvenile detention centers motivated the NPA to launch a nationwide program of studies and recommendations to reform these practices. Soon the NPA was called on to conduct surveys of juvenile courts in virtually every major urban area. These studies were followed by organizing work with local groups to BARRY KRISBERG: President of the National Council on Crime and Delinquency. CRIME & DELINQUENCY, Vol. 44 No. 1, January 1998 5-8 © 1998 Sage Publications, Inc. 5 from the SAGE Social Science Collections. All Rights Reserved.

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