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10 Acad. J.L. & Governance 7 (2022)

handle is hein.journals/ajlg10 and id is 1 raw text is: Vertical and Horizontal Cooperation of Local Public Authorities in the Process of Territorial Governance Dana ALEXANDRU Page l 7 ABSTRACT This paper is intended to identify and assess with a critical eye some of the challenges that lie to vertical and horizontal cooperation of local public authorities in the process of territorial governance. Despite complicated relations in a multi-level governance setting, cities are an integral part of the regulation for spatial planning. The paper argues that beyond the decision- making core, strategic planning seeks to coordinate the policies of a large and complex group of actors: public authorities at different levels, from national level to the municipality, private partners, representatives of civil society. The development of cooperation procedures, which is not specific to urban planning and development, runs through all public action. In the Romanian system, spatial planning documents are part of a unidirectional hierarchy of rules: planning documents at the lower level must be compatible with those at the higher level. The paper analyses the way this cooperation goes between the authorities and conclude that expectations for improved governance sometimes have conflicting objectives. KEYWORDS: local authorities, territorial governance, strategic planning 1.Introduction Following the collapse of the central planning system in 1989, Romania had to redesign its planning system within the parameters of a market economy and democracy. From a rationalist and functionalist planning, centred on land use, the focus shifted to a strategic spatial planning, oriented towards the development and implementation of a vision, a common spatial project. This process has encountered many difficulties, interruptions and restarts, and is currently in full swing. The legal, regulatory and institutional frameworks have evolved continuously to respond to the changing needs and challenges. Over the last 30 years, Romania has made the transition from radical, centralised planning to planning that has to adjust to market rules, and is now struggling to redefine and impose new objectives for spatial planning functions. Significant effort and energy has been invested in building a spatial planning system that operates according to market rules, and in changing public perception and discourse on the subject. Law 350/2001 on spatial and urban planning' is the backbone of the regulatory framework for spatial planning activities in Romania. It sets out the principles, objectives, activities and institutions related to the spatial planning system in Romania. It also marks the beginning of a relatively prolific decade of new laws and regulations, which have gradually defined policies and procedures related to spatial and urban planning. Previously, the post-communist regulatory framework was mainly based on Law No. 50/1991 (on the authorisation of construction works and 1Published in OFFICIAL MONITOR No 373 of 10 July 2001 ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF LAW AND GOVERNANCE No. 10.1 - 10.2/2022

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