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7 Am. Indian L.J. [i] (2018-2019)

handle is hein.journals/ailj7 and id is 1 raw text is: THE TRIBAL FRANCHISE: AN EXPRESSION OF TRIBAL
SOVEREIGNTY AND A POTENTIAL SOLUTION TO THE
PROBLEM OF MASS DISENROLLMENT
By Brent K. Mulvaney
CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION..............................................................1
II.    THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRIBAL IDENTITY......................3
A. The Lockean Influence on Concepts of American
Indian  Identity..................................................... 5
B. The Bureau ofAmerican Ethnology and the Era of
Assimilation ...........................................................8
C. The Indian Reorganization Act...............................18
III.    THE TRIBAL FRANCHISE AND DISENROLLMENT .............28
A. Tribal Sovereignty and Justifications for
D isenrollm ent..................................................... 29
1. Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez ........................30
2. The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of
Indigenous Peoples ...........................................33
B. Elem Indian Colony and the Disenfranchisement of
Potential Disenrollees.............................................36
C. The Indian Civil Rights Act as a Potential Defense
Against Disenrollment ........................................ 41
D. The Nooksack Tribe and Holdover Councils..........45
E. The Pechanga Band: The Invalidation of Expert
Opinions and Moratoriums on Disenrollment........46
IV. CONCLUSION.....................................................................49

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