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12 Am. Indian L.J. 1 (2023-2024)

handle is hein.journals/ailj12 and id is 1 raw text is: SEEKING HIGHER GROUND: DEVELOPING A TRIBAL MODEL CODE FOR DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT IN A COMPLEX JURISDICTIONAL ENVIRONMENT By Brian T. Candelaria' I. INTRODUCTION: THE PAST THREE YEARS ..................................................................................4 A. Past Scenarios Versus Recent Global/Local Experiences .................................................. 4 B. The Common Language of the Pandemic ........................................................................... 4 C. Changes to Jurisdictional Realities of the Past ................................................................ 6 D. The Importance of Tribal Preparedness Versus Individual Preparedness........................ 8 II. W H A T IS A T S TA K E ....................................................................................................................9 A. Loss of Historic and Culturally Significant Land ............................................................... 9 III. THE STATE OF FEDERAL INDIAN LAW ................................................................................... 12 A. Quick Review of Federal Indian law - Pre-McGirt.............................................................12 B. Federal Indian Law: Post-M cGirt................................................................................... 16 1. Som e Initial Impacts of M cGirt................................................................................... 17 2. Some Post-McGirt Cases and What They May Tell Us ...................................................19 C. What The Cases May Tell Us About the Future Post-McGirt .......................................... 24 IV. THE STATE OF FEDERAL DISASTER LAW ..................................................................................25 A. Quick Review of Disaster law - Pre-COVID-19 ............................................................ 25 B. Some Disaster Law Realities post-COVID ...................................................................... 28 1. Change in Logistics or Structural Application of Stafford Act ................................... 28 2. Legal Issues During and Post-Pandemic ..................................................................... 29 V. THE IMPORTANCE OF PRACTICING SOVEREIGNTY ................................................................32 1 J.D., Oklahoma City University School of Law (2019); M.L.S., University of Oklahoma School of Law (2016). While I am not of American Indian Indigenous ancestry, I believe that the fight to maintain the sovereignty of American Indian Nations carries with it some universal truths. These truths are related to identity, spirituality, and sense of community. This article represents my humble attempt to communicate and better understand some of the lessons I have learned. Moreover, I continue to pledge my professional career to collaborating with fellow allies of all backgrounds to achieve cultural mindfulness through the classroom and the courtroom. I want to express my sincere gratitude to the editors of the AILJ for their suggestions in helping me better communicate my message. Any flaws rest solely upon me, as the author of this article. Special thanks go to my colleagues at Oklahoma Indian Legal Services, and grant funders with Center for Disaster Philanthropy, and the many others who have academically and professionally mentored me over the years. However, I save my deepest gratefulness, affection, and appreciation for my family and friends, past and present and future. In particular, I wish to thank: my amazing wife, Kathryn Candelaria; my mother, Gloria Candelaria, my sister, Tara Candelaria, my niece, Ayla Driskell, my brothers-in-law, and the entire Gurule and James families. Their shared patience, support, and sacrifices made my academic and professional careers, and thus this article, possible.

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