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1939 Ann. Rep. Comm'r Off. Indian Aff. Sec'y Interior 23 (1939)

handle is hein.doi/annrepcom0102 and id is 1 raw text is: (Reprinted from the Annual Report, Secretary of the Interior, 1939) OFFICE OF INDIAN AFFAIRS John Collier, Commissioner INTRODUCTION THE program of Indian Service is, as it has been, to help the Indians, racially and individually, to survive, to support them- selves economically, and to determine their own future. This pro- gram is not of one uniform pattern. It is manifold and various, because the situation of Indians is extremely various. Indian life in these recent years has become a rich and intense drama. The striving of the will of individuals and of tribes is the moving force in this drama. Indians have turned from anticipated death to anticipated life, from fatalism to action, from inferiority to healthful pride. Thousands of Indians now are consciously aware that prosperity and greatness can come to them, but only through the things they themselves may do. Indian lands have ceased to dwindle; they are slowly increasing. Indian natural resources have ceased to disappear through wasteful overuse; instead they are coming back, in some cases very slowly, toward primal efficiency and adequacy. Indians have ceased to be inactive while white men do their work; instead, 4,491, or more than half of the regular employees of the Indian Service, and more than 70 percent of the emergency employees, are Indians. The Indian death rate is no longer menacing the survival of the race; instead, the yearly increase of Indians exceeds that of any other population group. Indians no longer are the solitary element in the country's population existing in a totally unorganized status; instead, political and industrial self-government is being achieved by an overwhelm- ing preponderance of the tribes. The last fiscal year witnessed a maturing of program, a great quantitative increase of Indian participation, the correction of many errors of detail in organization and procedure, the solidification of that program which holds the future of the Indians. Indian Service and the Indians alike became more consciously the possessors of a new goal, of the technics appropriate to the new goal, and of a spirit of victory. How far off that goal is, how many the shortcomings, how baffling and, indeed, as yet wholly unsolved, are some of the 214223-40 00

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